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Ecosystem and Community Interactions Ecosystem Interactions • Habitat: Area where an organism lives Examples: tree, ocean, soil • Niche: How organism makes a living Role or position an organism has in it environment How organism meets its needs for food, shelter, and reproduction Niche Activity • Write “job descriptions” for 3 animals and 2 plants – Example: • Oak tree is home to many birds and insects and also provides shades for animals • Woodpecker eats insects Community Interactions • Community- interactions between other organisms in an area along with abiotic factors • Competition, Predation, and Symbiosis Competition • Definition: Occurs when more than one organism uses a resource at the same time • Resources necessary for life include Food, water, space, light Hyena and vultures compete Predation • Many species get their food by eating other organisms – Herbivore: Eats producers (plants) – Carnivore: Eats tissue of other organisms – Omnivore: Eats both • Predator: Organism that pursues another • Prey: Organism that is pursued • Lion v. Zebra Video Symbiosis • Definition: relationship that exists when 2 or more species live together • 3 Types 1. mutualism 2. commensalism 3. parasitism Mutualism • Definition: relationship between 2 or more organisms that live closely together and benefit from each other Examples: Aphids and Ants Aphids and ants video Fig wasp and Fig tree Commensalism • Definition: relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither helped nor harmed • Examples: clownfish and sea anemone Parasitism • Definition: One organism benefits at the expense of another • Examples: tapeworm Cow bird
