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Earth Forces Plate boundaries and what they mean to the earth. Learning Outcomes. By the end of this topic I will be able to: Explain what we mean by plates and plate boundaries Say where the plate boundaries are in the world. Explain why volcanoes and earthquakes happen at plate boundaries. Lesson re-cap With the person sitting beside you discuss the structure of the Earth (what we learnt last time). Can you remember all of the layers? Re-Cap The Structure of the earth. Re-Cap The structure of the earth. Fossil Mystery? Starter In 1969, during a scientific expedition in Antarctica, a team of scientists discovered the fossil remains of the skull of a dinosaur. It was called Listrasaurus, a very large dinosaur, and it had been found before, but no where near the Antarctic. They knew it fed on lush green vegetation and it lived in a tropical climate. Other fossils had been found in India. Which of the following theories do think are true? 1. The fossil was found there because the dinosaur swam across. 2. The Antarctic once had a hotter climate. 3. The Antarctic was once attached to India. 4. The Dinosaur could survive in the Arctic climate. You must give reasons for your answers. Fossil Mystery? Video http://www.teachersdomain.org/resour ce/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.plateintro/ Animation http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flas h/pangea_4.htm Pangaea. Millions of years ago the continents that we know today were one land mass called Pangaea. Collect the Pangaea hand out and identify each continent. Use an atlas to help you. Colour code each continent so you can see the difference clearly. Why do volcanoes and Earthquakes Happen? Read pages 72 and 73 in the S1/S2 textbook then answer the following questions in your jotters under the heading ‘Why do volcanoes and earthquakes happen’. Answer questions in full sentences. 1. When was the earth formed? 2. How far do the plates move each year? 3. Why do plates move? 4. What do we call the place where two plates meet? 5. What two events can be caused by plate movements? Tectonic Plates. Extension: What places in the world do youGeography” think will have the look most Turn to page 74 in the “S1/S2 book and Volcanic and Earthquake at figure 5.6 Go over the plate boundaryactivity. lines on your map in one Answer the following questions in your jotter in full sentences: Activity: colour (not blue). 1. Name any 3 plates. 2. Which plate is Scotland on? 3. Name 2 plates that are colliding. 4. Name 2 plates that are moving apart. 5. Why do you think Scotland does not have earthquakes? 6. Why does Japan have many earthquakes? 7. Lightly shade in the different plates (in different colours). What happens at plate boundaries? http://www.absorblearning.com/media/i tem.action?quick=12o Map of Volcanic activity Map of the Earthquake activity What ways can plates move? What do you know already? Colliding or Destructive plate boundaries. Parting or Constructive plate boundaries. Transform plate boundaries Movement of the plates. What happens at parting plate boundaries? http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/oceans/PPT/Pl ateMotion.swf What happens at parting plate boundaries? 1) H____ pushes magma up towards the _______ 2) The convection currents move the ______ apart. 3) ______ breaks through and creates new land. What happens at colliding plate boundaries? http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/oceans/PPT/Pl ateMotion.swf What happens at colliding plate boundaries? Plates 1) Two ______ move into each Collide other and ______. weaker 2) The ______ of the two is forced under. 3) It is forced down into the Mantle ______ and becomes magma. 4) This can cause both earthquakes ________ and _________. Volcanic eruptions <<<<Continental crust Oceanic Mantle crust >>>> Mantle Fold mountains. What is a fold mountain? This is a mountain that is created due to two plates colliding and pushing the land up. Examples are: The Alps, The Himalayas, The Andes 3,4,5 • You have 3 minutes • To tell 4 people • 5 things that you know About Earth Forces