Download IB Biology Summer Assignment - Washington

Name
_______________________________________
IB Biology Summer Assignment
Due: September, 2016 (2nd week back) Check with Mr. B
Summer Assignment
Course Title: IB Biology
Teacher name: Mr. Jason Brodowski
Teacher contact information: [email protected]
Purpose of Assignment: to develop necessary study habits beyond the school year that will promote an early
start to academic thinking and skill application while fostering reading and vocabulary development that will
familiarize students and enhance their understanding of essential molecular biology concepts.
Estimated time to complete Assignment: 6 hrs
Due date and method of assessment for Assignment: September, 2016. Each question is assigned mark
points per IB grading scheme.
Instructions for Assignment:
Throughout the summer, Mr. Brodowski will be periodically checking their emails. If you have any questions
please post them to [email protected]
This assignment will be considered equivalent to a test grade and is to be completed independently. Any
collaboration, posting of answers or sharing of answers by any means will be considered cheating and will be
treated as such. This assignment will not be accepted past the due date.
Topic 7: Nucleic Acids (AHL)
7.1 DNA Structure and Replication
1. Use the following website to correctly label the structure of the bacteriophage found below
indicating where both the nucleic acids and amino acids are located (5 marks)
http://sahsrojas.pbworks.com/w/page/3695057/BacteriophagePer5
2. What is the main purpose of
a bacteriophage? (1 mark)
2. Watch the following animation, and outline the Hershey Chase Experiment below (6 marks).
http://highered.mheducation.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/007243
7316/120076/bio21.swf::Hershey+and+Chase+Experiment
Question:
Hypothesis:
Methods:
Results (specific):
Conclusion:
3. Explain Erwin Chargaff contribution to the discovery of the structure of DNA. (2 marks)
4. Explain why diffraction was used to take Franklin’s picture below (3 marks)
5. Explain how Franklin used the picture above as means to deduce the helical structure of DNA. (3
marks)
6. Watch the following animation: http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna-packaging
Explain supercoiling of DNA, when and how it is done. (3 marks, 2 points for a properly labeled picture)
7. Define apoptosis (1 mark)
8. Explain the function of DNAase and proteases when creating a gel electrophoresis. (2 marks)
9. Using the picture to the right answer the following questions. (page
349)
a. Identify on the diagram the fragment that represents
i. The length of DNA between the two sections of linker
dna on either side of one nucleosome (1)
ii. The length of DNA between two linker DNA regions
with two nucleosomes between them (1)
iii. The length of DNA regions with three nucleosomes
between them (1)
b. Approximate the length of DNA associated with a nucleosome. (1)
c. Suggest how the pattern in the left-hand column would change if very high concentrations of DNAase
were applied to the cells (2)
10. Use the book and watch the following animation to label the following figure:
http://www.wiley.com/college/pratt/0471393878/instructor/animations/dna_replication/index.html
Letter
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
Name
DNA Replication
Function
11. Explain why replication results in a leading and lagging strand. (2 marks)
12. Explain four functions of the non-coding region of DNA. (4 marks)
a.
b.
c.
d.
13. Explain how dideoxyribonucleic acid is used for gene sequencing. (2)
14. Complete the Activity Questions found on page 352-353. (4)
Fragment size (bp)
Distance moved (mm)
Fragment size (bp)
Column 2
Column 2
Column 3
60
70
130
Distance moved (mm)
Column 3
70
160
200
7.2 Transcription and Gene Expression
1. Watch the video below and explain the function, location and common sequences of the DNA promoter. Also
explain the significance of YRY. (3)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKetSxpwB4c
2. Explain the function of the following regulatory sequences: (1 mark each)
a. Enhancer:
b. Silencer:
c. Promoter-proximal elements:
3. Explain three examples where the environment has an influence on gene expression. (3)
a.
b.
c.
4. Complete the Data-based questions: Identical Twin Studies (p. 356) (2 marks each – 6 total)
1.
2.
3.
5. Complete the Data-based questions: Changes in methylation pattern with age in identical twins (p.358)
1. (3)
2. (1)
3. (1)
4. (3)
6. Watch the video below and answer the following questions.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kp1bZEUgqVI
1. What is epigenetics and briefly summarize his grammar analogy. (2)
2. Briefly differentiate between epigenetic and nucleosome gene regulation. (2)
3. How is it possible for twins to have the same dna, but have different gene expression? (2)
7. Explain the inheritance of epigenetic regulation. (2)
8. Read the green Epigenetic section found on page 358 and 359. Explain four epigenetic tags. (4
marks)
a.
b.
c.
d.
9. Watch the video below and draw a nucleotide correctly numbering the carbons.(2 marks)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IV53GZGr11g
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which carbon bonds to the base? (1) ______________
Which carbon bonds to the hydroxyl? (1) __________
Which carbon bonds to the phosphate group? (1) __________
Circle the ribose sugar below. (1)
10. What are the three stages of mRNA synthesis? (1)
a.
b.
c.
11. Where does it begin? (1)
12. Explain three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein synthesis. (3)
a.
b.
c.
13. List three post-transitional modifications that are made pre-mRNA. (3 marks)
a.
b.
c.
14. Explain alternate splicing and provide an example. (3 marks)
7.3 Translation
1. Watch the video below. Draw a ribosome, labeling the small and large units, 5’ and 3’ mRNA. Label
and annotate the A, P and E sites https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRh3QveWf8s ( 5 )
2. How do the tRna-Activation Enzymes relate to the amino acids and the tRNA (Orange section). (2)
3. Watch the video below and describe the Initiation, Elongation and Termination process. (6)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bLEDd-PSTQ
4. Differentiate between free and bound ribosome. Noting their location, product and product destination. (4)
5. Describe polysomes, and how they differ between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. (3)
6. Define bioinformatics and provide two uses (Green section 368). (2)
7. Watch the video below. Describe and draw the primary structure of proteins. (2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fe05RGleCQ
8. What are the three parts of an amino acids and how are two amino acids bonded together? (2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xSGHOLfDoGA
14. Describe how a secondary structure is formed. Provide two examples. (3)
15. Describe how a tertiary structure is formed. (2)
16. Describe where the hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids are found in a tertiary structure. (2)
17. Describe a quaternary structure and provide one example. (2)
18. Watch the video below. Differentiate between fibrous and globular proteins, providing examples of
each. (4) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXuJtQFHAAc
19. Complete the Date-based Questions on p.371. (1 each, 4 total)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.