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Name:_________________________________ Nutrition Class notes Chapter 12 Nutrition Key Terms Nutrition:. CalorieMetabolismRDA- What are the six essential nutrients? Nutrients 1. Carbohydrates: ______________________________________________________________ Two types: energy. Simple: Sugars that enter the bloodstream rapidly and provide quick * Complex: Found in grains, fruit, and the stems, leaves and roots of vegetables. Other names for sugar: Glucose- most common simple sugar. Also known as “Blood sugar” Fructose- one of the sweetest. You can eat less of this and still tastes just as sweet! Sucrose- Lactose- 2. Fats: A nutrient that provides energy and helps the body store and use vitamins. Also known as lipids! INSULATION- keeps your body warm LOOKS Unhealthy Fats Saturated fat- from dairy, solid vegetable fat, meat and poultry. Trans-fat Cholesterol- fat-like substance made by the body and found in certain foods. HDL- High Density lipoprotein (Good) LDL- Low Density lipoprotein (Bad) ________________________________________________ Unsaturated fats- is a type of fat obtained from plant products and fish. ___________________________________- sunflower, corn and soy beans ___________________________________- olive and canola oils. 3. Protein- Growth and Repair Used for energy if carbohydrates and fats are unavailable Amino Acids- building blocks of protein Complete- Incomplete- * 4. Water: Involved in all body processes Making up basic part of blood. * Dehydration- water content of the body falls to a low level. Fatigue Dizziness Flushed skin 5. Vitamins :____________________________________________________________ *Water soluble- a vitamin that dissolves in water and cannot be stored by the body. *Vitamin c- strengthens the immune system 6. Minerals Macro- minerals that are required in amounts greater than 100mg. Calcium- Magnesium- necessary for chemical reactions during metabolism. Phosphorous- Potassium- Sodium- Sulfur- Hunger vs. Appetite Many people cannot differentiate between hunger and appetite Hunger is the _______________________________ Appetite is the ______________________________ MyPlate My Plate is a food guidance system based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020. It replaces MyPyramid through the illustration of a familiar place setting. They use a plate to remind you to eat healthy during meals Interactive website that allows you to assess your current diet and physical activity levels Allows you to create your own individualized plan Serving Sizes Sugar: One teaspoon of sugar equals 4 grams of sugar. For example, 16 grams of sugar equals 4 teaspoons of sugar.