Download ESLG 320 Ch. 12

ESLG 320 Ch. 12
A little grammar language…
Parts of Speech
Noun: a person/place/thing/idea
Verb: an action or a state of being
Adjective: a word that describes nouns
Adverb: a word that describes verbs
*and adjectives *and other adverbs
Preposition: a word that describes
where something is (or when)
Pronoun: a word that replaces a noun
What words DO
in a sentence
 Verbs & Verb Phrases
 Subjects - always nouns or noun clauses
 Objects of Prepositions - always nouns or
noun clauses
 Objects of Verbs - always nouns or noun
clauses
 Direct Object
 Indirect Object
Clauses
 A PHRASE is a group of words but does not
have a subject + verb. It may have a verb
and other words or a noun and other words.
 A CLAUSE is a group of words…
with a SUBJECT and a VERB
 Clauses can be complete sentences (independent clauses) OR not complete
(dependent clauses).
Sentences & Clauses have S+V
Phrases can have Nouns or Verbs but not S+V
Types of Clauses
In this class, we’ll learn about 3 types of
clauses:
1. Noun Clauses - a group of words with a
subject and verb, working in the sentence
AS A NOUN.
2. Adjective Clauses
3. Adverb Clauses (including time clauses)
Why are clauses wonderful?
 You can make longer subjects and
objects with noun clauses.
 You can make longer adjectives and
adverbs with those types of clause.
 You can say a lot of ideas in one
sentence, instead of many.
You can make more interesting
sentences!
Single words vs. Clauses
 Teachers were once students.
 What you have to understand about
teachers is that even though they give very
hard quizzes, they were once students who
had to take hard quizzes, even if they were
not ready for them.
> How many clauses are there in the second
sentence? Is it hard to see them all?
Take another look!
[What you have to understand
about teachers]
is [that
even though they give very hard
quizzes, they were once students
who had to take hard quizzes, even
if they were not ready]
.
subject noun clause
noun clause
> How many clauses are there?
forget the whole sentence.)
Did you count six (6)? (Don’t