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TREK ACROSS THE MILKY WAY 6th Grade Science Class Planets in Our Solar System • Our solar system galaxy is called the Milky Way. • In the Milky Way, all of the planets revolve heliocentrically around the sun. Sun • The sun is the largest object in our solar system. • It is a star, not a planet. • Made mostly of hydrogen an helium. • The sun has 8 planets along with other object orbiting around it. • The temperature of the core is 15.6 million Kelvin! Mercury • Closest planet to the sun • Mercury rotates 3 times in 2 of its years. • The temperature of Mercury is 90 degrees Kelvin to 700 Kelvin. • The surface is cratered heavily, similar to our Moon. • Mercury has no known satellites. Venus • Venus is the second planet from the sun. • It is the brightest object in the sky besides the sun and the moon • Venus is composed mostly of carbon dioxide, which makes it unsuitable for life. • Said to be Earth’s sister planet because they are quite similar in all aspects, like size. • Has no known satellites Earth • Earth is the 3rd planet from the Sun • There are many different layers that Earth is divided into. • It is the densest body in the solar system • 71% of Earth is covered by water • Earth has one satellite: the Moon. • Only planet right now where life can survive. Mars • Mars is the 4th planet from the sun • Referred to as the Red Planet • Evidence of erosion on Mars from floods and river systems • Mars is similar to Earth, but is much colder • Mars has 2 satellites: Phobos and Deimos Jupiter • • • • Jupiter is the 5th planet from the sun Largest planet in our solar system It is 90% hydrogen and 10% helium Jupiter has a Great Red Spot that is big enough to hold two Earths. The Great Red Spot is much colder than the rest of the planet. • Jupiter has 63 known satellites. Saturn • 6th planet from the sun and is the 2nd largest • 75% hydrogen and 25% helium, which is similar to Jupiter • There are two prominent rings that can be seen from Earth that are around Saturn • These rings are composed of very small particles, like water ice. • Saturn as 34 known satellites. Uranus • 7th planet from the sun • Planet is composed of mostly rock and various ices. • Has blue tint to it because it absorbs red light. • Uranus has 27 moons • Rotates parallel, unlike the other planets that rotate perpendicular. Neptune • 8th planet from the sun • Sometimes, Pluto’s orbit crosses Neptune’s, making Neptune the furthest planet from the sun. • Similar composition to Uranus—composed of rock and ice, also has blue tint as Uranus • Neptune is known for its Great Dark Spot which is half the size of Jupiter’s Red Spot • 25 known moons Pluto • Now known as a “dwarf planet” • Its composition is about 70% rock and 30% water ice • There is one known satellite: Charon