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Microbes Microbes ✕ Microbe- a living organism that is so small it can only be seen with a microscope + + + + + Another word for microorganism Usually unicellular Many different shapes Carry out life functions in a wide variety of ways Live in every type of environment on Earth There are many different types of microbes, including… Bacteria ✕Defined as: Single-celled (unicellular) organisms that have no nucleus. Basic Characteristics Bacteria ✕Living ✕Unicellular ✕Multiple shapes ✕Some are harmful & cause disease ✕Some are helpful & cure disease and break down decaying material * How it gets Energy Bacteria ✕ Some bacteria can make their own energy through photosynthesis ✕ Some bacteria must gain energy through eating other organisms (cellular respiration) * Spread ✕ Bacteria How does this organism infect other organisms? + + + + Contaminated foods Contaminated soil Contaminated water Contact with other organisms, etc. * Examples Bacteria ✕ Strep Throat ✕ Staph Infection ✕ Food Poisoning Treatment of Disease ✕ Antibiotics ✕ Prescribed by doctors * Prevention of Disease Bacteria ✕ Proper hand washing & hygiene ✕ Proper handling of food ✕ Cover your mouth when you cough, etc. ✕ Any other? * Different Shapes Bacteria Means: Spiral Examples: ❖Cholera * Different Shapes Bacteria Means: Corkscrew Examples: ❖Lyme Disease * Different Shapes Bacteria Means: Spherical Examples: ❖Strep ❖Pneumonia ❖Staph ❖MRSA * Different Shapes Bacteria Means: Rod-Like Examples: ❖E-Coli ❖Yogurt ❖Diphtheria ❖Tetanus ❖Tuberculosis ❖Leprosy * Fungi ✕ Defined as: Any of a group of spore-producing organisms “feeding” on organic matter ✕ Examples: yeast, molds, & mushrooms Basic Characteristics Fungi ✕Living ✕Unicellular or Multicellular ✕Multiple shapes ✕Some are harmful & cause disease ✕Some are helpful & cure disease and break down decaying material * * Energy ✕ Fungi Feed on organic matter ✕ Decomposition reaction for use in cellular respiration * Spread ✕ Fungi How does this organism infect other organisms? + Enters the body in multiple ways: ingestion, inhalation, contaminated soil, etc. ✕ For example: Aspergillus spores are breathed in and Fungal Meningitis is injected with steroid shots * Examples Fungi ✕ Athletes Foot ✕ Ring Worm ✕ Skin, Hair, Nail, Eye, Lung Infections ✕ Yeast Infection Treatment of Disease ✕ Antifungal medications * Prevention of Disease Fungi ✕ Clean skin injuries ✕ Wear a mask and/or gloves when working in damp and dusty areas ✕ Proper hygiene * Virus ✕ Defined Virus as: Non-living substance that has to inject its genetic material into a living host cell in order to reproduce. Basic Characteristics Virus ✕Non-Living ✕Unicellular ✕Much smaller than bacteria ✕Multiple shapes ✕Harmful & cause disease * Energy ✕ Virus Must “use” the host cell to obtain energy * Diseases ✕ Virus How does this organism infect other organisms? + + A virus must infect the host cell to replicate Viruses can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, and injection * Examples Virus ✕ Influenza (the Flu) ✕ AIDS ✕ Common Cold ✕ H1N1(swine flu) ✕ Chicken Pox Treatment of Disease ✕ Rest ✕ Some antiviral medications are available ✕ Prevention * Prevention of Disease Virus ✕ Proper hygiene ✕ Proper hand washing ✕ Vaccinations * Parasites ✕ Defined Parasites as: An organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by taking nutrients from the host (harms the host) Basic Characteristics Parasitez ✕Living ✕Unicellular or Multicellular ✕Multiple shapes ✕Harmful & cause disease * Basic Characteristics ✕ Parasites Host cell: the cells of the host organism. Much like a virus must infect the host cell to multiply * Energy Parasites Most “use” the host to obtain energy through cellular respiration ✕ Some Protists obtain energy through photosynthesis ✕ * Parasites Diseases ✕ How does this organism infect other organisms? + Enters the body through contaminated food ✕ Protozoa (single celled organisms) and helminthes (flatworms, roundworms, etc.) + Enters the body through vectors ✕ Fleas, + ticks, mosquiotos, etc. Enters the body through contaminated soil, and water * Examples Parasites ✕ Malaria ✕ Ticks ✕ Mistletoe ✕ Tapeworms Treatment of Disease ✕ Prescription medications to kill parasite and to treat the infections * Eyelash Mite (Zoomed in on one eyelash) * Cat Flea (Zoomed in) * Prevention of Disease Parasites ✕ Proper hand washing and hygiene, proper filtration of water, proper handling of food, etc. ✕ Preventative medications *