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Microbes
Microbes
✕ Microbe-
a living organism that is so
small it can only be seen with a
microscope
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Another word for microorganism
Usually unicellular
Many different shapes
Carry out life functions in a wide variety of ways
Live in every type of environment on Earth
There are many different types of
microbes, including…
Bacteria
✕Defined
as: Single-celled
(unicellular) organisms that have
no nucleus.
Basic Characteristics
Bacteria
✕Living
✕Unicellular
✕Multiple
shapes
✕Some are harmful & cause disease
✕Some are helpful & cure disease
and break down decaying material
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How it gets Energy
Bacteria
✕
Some bacteria can make their own energy
through photosynthesis
✕ Some bacteria must gain energy through
eating other organisms (cellular respiration)
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Spread
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Bacteria
How does this organism infect other
organisms?
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Contaminated foods
Contaminated soil
Contaminated water
Contact with other organisms, etc.
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Examples
Bacteria
✕
Strep Throat
✕ Staph Infection
✕ Food Poisoning
Treatment of Disease
✕
Antibiotics
✕ Prescribed by doctors
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Prevention of Disease
Bacteria
✕
Proper hand washing & hygiene
✕ Proper handling of food
✕ Cover your mouth when you cough, etc.
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Any other?
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Different Shapes
Bacteria
Means: Spiral
Examples:
❖Cholera
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Different Shapes
Bacteria
Means: Corkscrew
Examples:
❖Lyme Disease
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Different Shapes
Bacteria
Means: Spherical
Examples:
❖Strep
❖Pneumonia
❖Staph
❖MRSA
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Different Shapes
Bacteria
Means: Rod-Like
Examples:
❖E-Coli
❖Yogurt
❖Diphtheria
❖Tetanus
❖Tuberculosis
❖Leprosy
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Fungi
✕ Defined
as: Any of a group of
spore-producing organisms “feeding” on
organic matter
✕ Examples: yeast, molds, & mushrooms
Basic Characteristics
Fungi
✕Living
✕Unicellular
or Multicellular
✕Multiple shapes
✕Some are harmful & cause disease
✕Some are helpful & cure disease
and break down decaying material
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Energy
✕
Fungi
Feed on organic matter
✕ Decomposition reaction for use in cellular
respiration
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Spread
✕
Fungi
How does this organism infect other
organisms?
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Enters the body in multiple ways: ingestion,
inhalation, contaminated soil, etc.
✕ For
example: Aspergillus spores are breathed in and
Fungal Meningitis is injected with steroid shots
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Examples
Fungi
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Athletes Foot
✕ Ring Worm
✕ Skin, Hair, Nail, Eye, Lung Infections
✕ Yeast Infection
Treatment of Disease
✕
Antifungal medications
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Prevention of Disease
Fungi
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Clean skin injuries
✕ Wear a mask and/or gloves when working in
damp and dusty areas
✕ Proper hygiene
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Virus
✕ Defined
Virus
as: Non-living substance that
has to inject its genetic material into a
living host cell in order to reproduce.
Basic Characteristics
Virus
✕Non-Living
✕Unicellular
✕Much
smaller than
bacteria
✕Multiple shapes
✕Harmful & cause
disease
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Energy
✕
Virus
Must “use” the host cell to obtain energy
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Diseases
✕
Virus
How does this organism infect other
organisms?
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A virus must infect the host cell to replicate
Viruses can enter the body through ingestion,
inhalation, and injection
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Examples
Virus
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Influenza (the Flu)
✕ AIDS
✕ Common Cold
✕ H1N1(swine flu)
✕ Chicken Pox
Treatment of Disease
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Rest
✕ Some antiviral medications are available
✕ Prevention
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Prevention of Disease
Virus
✕
Proper hygiene
✕ Proper hand
washing
✕ Vaccinations
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Parasites
✕ Defined
Parasites
as: An organism that lives in or
on another organism (its host) and
benefits by taking nutrients from the host
(harms the host)
Basic Characteristics
Parasitez
✕Living
✕Unicellular
or Multicellular
✕Multiple shapes
✕Harmful & cause disease
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Basic Characteristics
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Parasites
Host cell: the cells of the host organism.
Much like a virus must infect the host cell to
multiply
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Energy
Parasites
Most “use” the host to obtain energy through
cellular respiration
✕ Some Protists obtain energy through
photosynthesis
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Parasites
Diseases
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How does this organism infect other
organisms?
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Enters the body through contaminated food
✕ Protozoa
(single celled organisms) and helminthes
(flatworms, roundworms, etc.)
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Enters the body through vectors
✕ Fleas,
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ticks, mosquiotos, etc.
Enters the body through contaminated soil, and
water
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Examples
Parasites
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Malaria
✕ Ticks
✕ Mistletoe
✕ Tapeworms
Treatment of Disease
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Prescription medications to kill parasite and to
treat the infections
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Eyelash Mite (Zoomed in on one eyelash)
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Cat Flea (Zoomed in)
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Prevention of Disease
Parasites
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Proper hand washing and hygiene, proper
filtration of water, proper handling of food, etc.
✕ Preventative medications
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