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1
In the diagram, the mantle is labeled as
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A
B
C
D
E
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2
________ in the mantle and core make tectonic plates
move.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Conduction movements
Earthquakes
Radioactive decay
Convection currents
Concurrent currents
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3
Coal is derived from __________ compressed and
hardened over millennia.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Vast forests
Phytoplankton
Plant material from swamps
Lava
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4
Crude oil is derived from____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
All plant matter
Lava
Vast forests
Phytoplankton and algae
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5
Which of the following bodies of water is growing due to tectonic movement?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Black Sea
Indian Ocean
None of these are growing
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6
The "ring of fire" is the source of more earthquakes and
volcanic activity than any other place on earth.
What causes the ring of fire?
A.
The subduction of Pacific plates under continental
plates
B.
The drift of Europe and Africa away from the
Americas
C.
The collision of two continental plates
D.
Mid-oceanic ridges
E.
The conduction currents in the hot magma
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7
A mineral is composed of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Other minerals
Noncrystalline elements
Inorganic elements
A metal and a crystal
Organic material
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8
The fundamental characteristic(s) that distinguish(es) a mineral
is/are its
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Chemical composition
Crystal structure
Organic materials
Grain size
Chemical composition and its crystal structure
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9
_______ is an example of an igneous rock.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Basalt
Shale
Marble
Sandstone
Limestone
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10
Rocks are classified according to their
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Chemical composition
Physical properties
Internal structure
Mode of formation
All of these are correct
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11
The physical breakdown of a rock into smaller pieces is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The rock cycle
Sedimentation
Chemical weathering
Mechanical weathering
Abrasion
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12
Rocks are _______ in the process called the rock cycle.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Moved from place to place
Incorporated into living organisms
Broken down and re-formed
Cycled through the core and mantle
Cycled through the crust and core
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13
Sinkholes and caverns can be produced by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Chemical weathering
Mechanical weathering
Abrasion
Plant growth and soil acidity
The loss of plant roots in the soil
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14
Salts such as halite are often produced as ____________
deposits.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Mechanical weathering
Glacial
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15
The metal(s) that is/are most important in global economies is/are
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Marble
Cadmium
Halite
Iron
All are important metals in the global economy
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16
Where do the toxic gases and leachates come from that are the
result of mining for gold?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Sulfur compounds in the ore
Chlorine compounds in the ore
Carbon compounds in the ore
Cyanide used in the operation of mining for the gold
Heavy metals used in the operation of mining for the gold
17
Smelting ore, as in Ducktown, Tennessee, releases toxic
chemicals in the form of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Gases, from baked ore
Liquids, from leaching processes
Dust, from grinding ore gravel
Solids, in the form of toxic waste
All of these are correct
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18
Heap-leach extraction removes gold from ore by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Pouring gravel into holding tanks
Spraying cyanide on a pile of ore gravel
Roasting ore to release the gold
High-pressure spraying of ore
Digging the gold out of the mountains
19
A major environmental implication of the quest for more gold at
lower concentrations in the ore compared to higher
concentrations is that
A.
About the same amount of toxic gas is released from
digging out the gold
B.
Less waste rock is produced
C.
Less material has to be moved to get to the gold
D.
More carbon dioxide is released as the gold is mined
E.
More material has to be moved to get to the gold
20
The biggest risk to communities surrounding mountain top removal
is ___________.
A.
landslides
B.
plants are difficult to regrow on the tops of reclaimed
mountains
C.
infiltrating water flows through the rock debris and picks up
toxic metals and chemicals, taking them to drinking water supplies.
D.
the pure ugliness of a reclaimed mountain
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