Download the noun. - Rothwell Victoria Junior School

th
25
Thursday
February
2016
Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar
workshop (SPAG)
Mrs Frost
What does SPAG involve?
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Spelling rules and exceptions
Punctuation
Grammar (Tenses)
Vocabulary (adjectives, adverbs)
Aims of today…
• Explain some terminology used within SPAG
lessons.
• Explain what your child is expected to be able
to do by the end of Year 6.
• Support you in your own subject knowledge.
• Provide you with ways that you can support
your child at home.
New Curriculum – New
Assessment
• The importance of SPAG. There is still a separate test
from the writing test to assess knowledge. This year
it will reflect the higher expectations of the new
2014 curriculum.
• Children are expected to be fluent in their spoken
language, reading and writing and know the
grammatical and spelling elements within writing.
• Editing and proofreading has a greater focus.
• Higher expectations for all year groups.
• All year groups have grammar expectations.
What does the test look like?
Here is an example of a SPAG test that the
children will complete.
Grammar progression in year
groups
1
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2
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3
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Letter/capital letter
Word/ sentence
Singular/plural
Punctuation: full stop/question mark/exclamation
mark
Noun/noun phrase/adjective/verb/adverb
Statement/question/exclamation/command
Suffix
Tense (past/present)
Apostrophe/comma
Adverb/preposition/conjunction (when if because
although)
Word family, prefix, clause, subordinate clause
Direct speech
Apostrophe possession with plural nouns
Consonant, vowel
Inverted commas/speech marks
4
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Determiner
Pronoun, Possessive pronoun
(fronted) adverbial (comma after)
5
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Modal verb
Relative pronoun, Relative clause
Parenthesis, bracket, dash, Cohesion, ambiguity
Expanded noun phrases
6
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Subject/ object
Active/passive
Synonym /antonym
Ellipsis, hyphen, colon, semi colon, bullet points
Renewing our subject knowledge
The children will need to know main word types such
as:
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Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
Determiners
Prepositions
Pronouns
Conjunctions
Nouns
Nouns are the biggest word class (everyone and everything needs a
name!)
A noun is the name of a person, place, animal, thing or idea.
• Nouns can be singular or plural (no apostrophe)
• They can be proper (Alsatian), common (dog),
collective (team), or abstract (justice). Abstract nouns are those
that you cannot see/touch and can be emotions.
• Expanded noun phrases- a ‘phrase’ takes its name from the
overall job that this group of words is doing…
So – ‘the big, blue, shiny bicycle’ – is an expanded noun phrase.
Pronouns
Pronouns stand in for a noun,
I, you, he, she, it, we, they,
My, your, his, her, our, their.
Pronouns are important for ‘cohesion’.
If children overuse them, the reader is not sure who is
being discussed. If they underuse them, the writing can
sound very repetitive and boring.
Determiners
• Determiners … ‘home’ you in on the noun.
The most common determiners are
‘the’ and ‘a’
Some more determiners:
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this dog, that dog,
all dogs, every dog, some dogs, no dogs, each dog
one dog, two dogs
his dog, her dog, my dog
Verbs
Action words?
Find the action word in the following sentences
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We are enthusiastic teachers
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Many animals are endangered
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The boys played football
A verb is a ‘doing’ or a ‘being’ word. It tells us what is happening in the
sentence.
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The most common verb in the english language is the verb ‘to be’
A verb can be a single word or a group of words which together form the ‘verb
phrase’
The choir will be singing at the village hall.
The choir has been singing at the village hall.
The choir might be singing at the village hall.
The choir would have been singing at the village hall.
Adverbs
The lion was staring.
How?
The lion was staring menacingly.
Adverbs modify the verb.
They tell us how (adverb of manner), when (adverb of
time), or where (adverb of place).
Last Thursday, the lion was staring menacingly.
Last Thursday, at the Safari Park, the lion was staring menacingly out towards
the keepers.
Adverbs can move about the sentence, affecting the emphasis, but not
the meaning.
Prepositions
Prepositions express a relationship of meaning between 2
parts of a sentence, usually to do with space or time.
Simple prepositions may include:
about, across, after, at, before, behind, by, down,
during, for, from, to, inside, into, of, off, on, onto,
out, over, round, since, through, to, towards, under,
up, with.
Adjectives
An adjective describes ( or modifies) the noun.
• It might nestle close to the noun- or be elsewhere in the sentence..
The silver car stood in the driveway.
The car in the driveway was silver.
Conjunctions (Connectives)
Sentences can be made longer by joining two clauses
or parts of clauses together.
Words that link two parts of a sentence together are
called conjunctions ( the word ‘connective’ is still
used in some documentation) .
For example …because, so, while, for, and, but, or, yet,
even though, provided that….
Common difficulties
• Using standard English (text speak, writing
how they speak.)
• Homophones (their, there, they’re)
• Children writing ‘should of’ instead of
‘should have’ and ‘I were’ instead of ‘I was’.
• Use of first person ‘I’in lower case.
• Use of apostrophe – correct place for
contracted words and possession
Helpful websites and resources
CPG books
• KS2 English: Grammar,
Punctuation and Spelling Study
Book
• KS2 English Targeted Question
Book: Grammar, Punctuation
& Spelling - Year 5
Helpful websites and resources for
Year 6
CPG books
• KS2 English Targeted Question
Book: Grammar, Punctuation
& Spelling - Year 6
• KS2 English SAT Buster Grammar
Helpful websites
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/english/s
pelling_grammar/
• www.twinkl.co.uk