Download unit 5 review sheet - Phillips Scientific Methods

UNIT 5 REVIEW SHEET- Mitosis and Meiosis
1. List what happens in each of the following 8 phases: G1, S, G2, M (prophase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase).
2. Which of the above phases are part of interphase?
3. Draw and label (name only) the phases of mitosis.
4. Define cytokinesis.
5. What are the two parts of cell division?
6. Cells that have lost control over their growth rate and division are _________.
7. Explain two reasons why most cells are small.
8. Why is DNA copied before cell division occurs?
9. If an organism has a diploid number of 24 chromosomes,
a. How many chromosomes will be present in a daughter cell produced by mitosis and cell
division?
b. How many chromosomes will be present in daughter cells produced by meiosis?
c. How many chromosomes will be present in a sperm cell of this organism?
d. How many chromosomes will be present in a skin cell of this organism?
10. Explain how cell division is different between plant and animal cells.
11. Draw a chromosome as it would look in prophase of mitosis. Label the centromere and sister
chromatids.
12. Draw a chromosome as it looks in telophase of mitosis.
13. Draw a diagram of crossing over.
14. What is crossing-over? During which phase of which process (mitosis or meiosis) does it occur?
15. Explain how the cells produced by mitosis are different from the cells produced by meiosis.
16. Label the following 9 processes as being made possible by mitosis or meiosis: growth, asexual
reproduction, regeneration, spermatogenesis (making sperm), oogenesis (making eggs), production of
haploid cells from diploid cells, separating pairs of chromosomes, production of non-identical cells,
production of identical cells.
17. What is the function of spindle fibers?
18. What is a stem cell?
19. Define homologous chromosomes.
20. Define zygote
21. Define sexual reproduction.
22. Variation in a population can be accomplished by which type of reproduction – asexual or sexual.
23. Draw a diagram of oogenesis (egg production). Label the egg and the polar bodies. Also tell whether
each cell is diploid (2N) or haploid (N).
24. Draw a diagram of spermatogenesis (sperm production). Label the sperm and tell whether each cell is
haploid or diploid.
25. Explain why the chromosome number must be reduced during meiosis.
26. What process follows meiosis that makes a cell diploid again?
27. Define gamete and give two examples.
28. What are the 3 ways variation is produced in offspring?
Vocabulary Assignment for Unit 5: Cell Division
1. Cell Cycle
2. Interphase
3. Mitosis
4. Cytokinesis
5. Chromosome
6. Chromatid
7. Centromere
8. Prophase
9. Centriole
10. Spindle fibers
11. Metaphase
12. Anaphase
13. Telophase
14. Asexual Reproduction
15. Somatic Cell
16. Meiosis
17. Homologous
18. Diploid
19. Haploid
20. Tetrad
21. Crossing-over
22. Sexual Reproduction
23. Gamete
24. Zygote
25. Embryo
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Name:
The cell is 2N, meaning it has two copies of each chromosome
Thread-like fibers that help move the chromosomes around during cell division
A new individual in the early stages of development
The structures that connect two sister chromatids during cell division
The working phase during which the cell grows and ‘does its job’
Term used to describe a pair of chromosomes that code for the same traits
Phase during which the sister chromatids are pulled apart
Structure found only in animal cells that the spindle fibers come from
Event during Prophase I, when parts of homologous chromosomes trade pieces
Reproduction involving only one parent
Structure of two homologous chromosomes together during meiosis; has 4 chromatids
Alternates between interphase and cell division
Process of a cell dividing it’s cytoplasm and contents
First step of cell division in which the nucleus breaks down and the chromosomes thicken
Nuclear division that leads to four haploid cells being formed
A normal body cell
A cell with N number of chromosomes, meaning it has one copy of each chromosome
Reproduction involving two parents, introducing more variety
Cell division resulting in two 2N cells identical to the parent
Structure made of DNA and proteins that carry genes in the cell
Phase of cell division during which the new cells begin to form and cytokinesis happens
A duplicated copy of a chromosome; two of these start cell division connected
A fertilized egg; the first cell of a new organism
Step of cell division in which the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
A sex cell that has one copy of each chromosome; there are male and female