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book note review guide.notebook Ancient Greece Book‐note review guide December 16, 2016 book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Q: What is Greek Drama? Who are some Greeks that are responsible for it? A: A Greek drama is a Greek play. It became the foundation for our modern theatre (movies). They are broken up into Tragedies and Comedies. Both explore moral and social issues, and explore the human spirit and emotion. Some famous Greek playwrights are: Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides book note review guide.notebook A) How did physical geography lead to the creation of the Greek polis (city‐state) B) Describe three characteristics of an ancient Greek polis • Poleis sat on hills – allowing the city to be two – tiered • Upper – temples and worship, lower – market place, debating grounds, theatres December 16, 2016 book note review guide.notebook Q: Who did the Greeks (and modern Western societies inherit their alphabet from? The Phoenicians A: December 16, 2016 book note review guide.notebook A) What was the role of the tyrant in ancient Greece? B) Why do you think it has such a negative connotation (meaning) today? • To gain power by force and then make political changes that favor the business class and poor population – this, to gain support • Political force is rather unacceptable today December 16, 2016 book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Identify four differences between Sparta and Athens Athens Sparta • Democracy – rule by the people • Government run state based on education and reason • Women were not allowed to engage in public activities • Located directly on the Aegean Sea • Oligarchy – rule by a small elite group of wealthy landowners • Military run state based on mental and physical toughness • Women were seen as important for breeding warriors and running the city when men were at war • Located Inland book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Over the long‐term, do you think a Spartan type of society or Athenian type of society has a better chance of survival? book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Who were two important reformers (people who made great change) of Ancient Athens and what did they do? Pericles Solon • Eliminated debt slavery • Originated concept of direct • Granted foreigners democracy – all adult male citizens could vote citizenship • encouraged export of wine • No longer did male citizens have to own land to vote and olive oil book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Q: Despite political and geographic disunity, what were some forces that helped unify the Greek people during ancient times? A: they worshiped the same gods/goddesses (polytheistic), all participated in the Olympic games, all spoke common language and wrote with same alphabet book note review guide.notebook Q: Which empire and famous leader did Greek city‐ states unite to defeat around 500 BC? A: the Persian Empire – king Darius December 16, 2016 book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Q: What was the purpose of the Delian league? What city‐state dominated it and most of Greece following the Persian Wars? A: Unity among a number of Greek city‐states…put together to continue fighting and defending Greece against Persian invaders. Athens came to dominate this league – leading eventually to resentment among other city‐states book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Q: What were some of Athens greatest achievements under the leadership of Pericles? A: Athens began paying people who held public office – enabling poor men to serve in government. Large numbers of male citizens took part in day‐to‐day government operations. He hired architects and sculptors to rebuild the acropolis. Built new temples. He created public works projects and held public festivals. book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Q: Why did the Peloponnesian War take place? Who won and why? A: Other Greeks began to resent Athenian dominance and greatness. Sparta won because: they teamed up with the Persians and a plague broke out in Athens killing 1/3 the population book note review guide.notebook December 16, 2016 Q: What were some of the long‐term effects of the Peloponnesian War? A: Athenian greatness ended. Democratic governments suffered in the Greek world. Fighting continued – Sparta defeated. Macedonia and Alexander the Great emerge to power spreading Greek culture (Hellenistic culture) book note review guide.notebook Q: Who was Alexander the Great and why was he so 'great'??? A: December 16, 2016
