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CHAPTER 12 LESSON 1 Age of Exploration Europe Gets ready to explore ■ 1400's - 1500's ■ Europeans gradually take control of the Americas and Parts of Asia Search for Trade Routes ■ Political changes disrupted the silk road ■ Merchants wanted to get goods direct from the source ■ If Europeans could reach Asia by see then they could stay away from the Middle East Technology and Exploration ■ Astrolabe - Used to find latitude ■ Compass - Used to find direction ■ Accurate maps - became more available because of the printing press ■ Ptolemy - Greek Geographer ■ Al-Idrisi - Arab Geographer ■ Caravel - Triangular sails Rise of Strong Kingdoms ■ Towns and Trade had strengthened Europe's governments ■ Portugal ■ Spain ■ France ■ England Portugal Leads the Way ■ England Vs. France ■ Spain Vs. Islam ■ Portugal Vs. ???? ■ Portugal free to lead the way in search of a new sea route ■ Henry the Navigator - Paid for voyages ■ Bartolomeu Dias - Tip of Africa ■ Vasco Dagama - Arround Africa to India First Voyage of Columbus ■ Italian sailing for Spain ■ Wanted to go West to go East ■ Ferdinand and Isabella - Funded the voyage ■ Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria ■ Landed in San Salvador ■ Thought he was in Asia ■ Amerigo Vespucci - discoverd that Columbus had found a new continent Spanish Conquerors ■ Columbus' success brought more voyages ■ The second time he brought Conquistadors ■ Taino people of Hispaniola were enslaved ■ Spain and Portugal now in competition ■ Signed the Treaty of Tordesillas Divided South America between Spain and portugal Voyages of Magellan ■ Spain continues to explore the Americas but still wanted to sail west to go east ■ Ferdinand Magellan was hired to sail around the Americas and then to Asia ■ Rounded the Straight of Magellan ■ Named the Pacific Ocean ■ Ran out of food and water so they ate leather, sawdust and rats ■ Magellan finally reached the Philippines where he was killed ■ Magellan's crew were the first to circumnavigate the earth Early French and English Explorers ■ Portuguese successes led England and France to explore ■ John Cabot - Explored the North American Coast of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. Did not find water route to Asia ■ Giovanni De Verranzo - Mapped much of the eastern coast of North America. Did not find route to Asia ■ Jacques Cartier - Claimed much of eastern Canada for France ■ England and France distracted once again by religious conflicts and civil wars ■ 1600's began to establish settlements in North America
