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Chapter 2 Early Civilizations Lesson 3 Babylonia and Assyria Hammurabi Around 1792 B.C. Hammurabi became king of Babylon. See map on p.49 By 1754 B.C. he controlled all of Mesopotamia. Collected taxes to pay for his huge army and construction projects. Babylonian Civilization Under Hammurabi the Babylonians continued to rely on irrigation for farming and trade. Center for culture and learning making advancements in mathematics, literature, and law. Code of Hammurabi Set of 282 laws many of which dealt with business practices, property ownership, medical practice, marriage, and childcare. Not the first law code written but it is the most complete to have survived. Code of Hammurabi Cont. Many laws protected the weak Others were very harsh. Different punishments were given based on the class of the lawbreaker and the victim of the crime. Example: “eye for an eye” or a “tooth for a tooth”. Code of Hammurabi Cont. Is it important that the punishment fit the crime? The Assyrians In Southern Mesopotamia Babylonian flourished and in Northern Mesopotamia the Assyrians began to gain power. They were greatly influenced by the Babylonians but put much higher value into war and conquest. Merciless warriors. The Assyrians Cont. During King Ashurbanipal the Assyrians controlled nearly all of the Fertile Cresent. Lead his armies personally Could read and write ancient Sumerian and Akkadian. Along with that he also built a great library at Nineveh. Babylonia Grows Under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II Babylonia again expanded. Taking over much of the Assyrian Empire. Finished the great ziggurat, many think this was the inspiration of the Tower of Babel (Bible) Babylonia Grows Cont. Accomplishments Determined the place value refers to the position of numerals. Ex. 5, 55, 555 all have different place values. Studied the sun, moon, and planets. Predicting accurately eclipses of the sun and moon. Nebuchadnezzar II died in 562 B.C. in 539 B.C. the Persians invaded and conquered Babylon.