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BABYLON Chapter 2 Lesson 3 THE RISE OF HAMMURABI AND BABYLONIA People from the city-state of Babylon adopted Sumerian culture cultural diffusion – the spreading of culture In 1792 B.C.E. Hammurabi became king of Babylon HAMMURABI By 1754 B.C.E. he controlled all of Mesopotamia his empire was known as Babylonia CODE OF HAMMURABI A set of 282 laws used to govern Babylonia It is the most complete law code from Mesopotamia Punishments were based on social class CODE OF HAMMURABI •Punishment is meant to fit the crime with “an eye for an eye” and a “tooth for a tooth” Trial by Ordeal - guilt or innocence is determined by subjecting accused to an unpleasant, usually dangerous experience. The accused is considered innocent if he escapes injury or if his injuries heal. CLASS ASSIGNMENT Read pages 49-53 Complete Chapter 2 Lesson 3 work sheet Chapter 2 Lesson 4 HEBREWS & PHOENICIANS THE HEBREWS 1800 B.C.E. established the first widely followed monotheistic religion known as Judaism 1000 B.C.E. King David united the Hebrews in the new kingdom of Israel 925 B.C.E. the kingdom split. Israel in the north and Judah in the south KINGDOM OF ISRAEL 1000 B.C.E. KINGDOMS OF ISRAEL & JUDAH 900 B.C.E. PHOENICIANS Adventurous traders from eastern edge of Mediterranean Sea Expert sailors. Sailed into Atlantic Ocean and the west coast of Africa Developed first alphabet CLASS ASSIGNMENT Read pages 54-59 Complete Chapter 2 Lesson 4 work sheet CONTRIBUTIONS OF MESOPOTAMIA & FERTILE CRESCENT Sumerians Babylonians Assyrians Hebrews Phoenicians Wheel, Sumerians Wheel, cuneiform (writing), plow, irrigation system, calendar, the Epic of Gilgamesh Babylonians Code of laws, advancements in math, science, & literature, massive building projects, Library Assyrians Wheeled battering rams Hebrews First widely followed monotheistic religion w/ a holy book = Judaism Phoenicians Trade routes that helped spread culture, expert sailors, alphabet