Download The Digestive System and Name: Gastrointestinal Tract Activity Per

The Digestive System and
Name: ___________________________________
Gastrointestinal Tract Activity
Per. ______ Date: _________
The Mouth: to break up food and start digesting carbohydrates
1. Put food in the blender.
2. Add mucous/saliva and blend. Pour into your “mouth” (beaker).
3. Add 5 drops of the carbohydrate hydrolytic enzyme called ____________________.
4. Swirl for just a few seconds.
5. What gland in your mouth secretes mucous and that one enzyme? ______________
6. Why is your mouth like a blender? ____________________________________________________________
Esophagus: for transport of food from the pharynx to the stomach
7. This food/mucus clump is called a _______________. Add mucus to lubricate this clump.
8. Insert a tube into “the stomach.” Be sure the cardiac sphincter is tight at the base.
9. Pour food through the tube. This movement of wavelike contractions of smooth muscle is called
_______________________.
10. Why is this tube like your esophagus? _________________________________________
Stomach: for breaking up food, killing microbes, and digesting proteins
11. Open the upper sphincter (muscle valve) and empty contents from the esophagus into the stomach.
12. Add mucus.
13. Add 5 drops of HCl. This will __________________________________________________________.
14. Add 5 drops of Pepsin enzyme. Pepsin breaks up ___________________________.
15. Churn (mix) by squeezing it every 20 seconds for two minutes. Food should be semi-solid (like vomit).
16. What really churns the food in your stomach? _____________________________
17. What happens if it churns without food in it? ________________________________
18. How is the bag like your stomach? __________________________________________
19. Throw the stomach in the trash when you are done.
Small Intestine: for complete digestion and all absorption
20. Measure out the piece of string (which is the length of your small intestine). What is the length?
_______________ cm
21. Only the first 25 cm is dedicated to digestion and is called the ________________________.
22. Empty the stomach contents (by releasing the lower sphincter into the duodenum (flask).
23. Add mucus.
24. Add base to neutralize (sodium bicarbonate = baking soda)
25. Add 5 drops of the enzymes from the small intestine: List out the names that digest carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids, and nucleotides. (Hint: not all of these are in your notes, use your book - Ch. 36)
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleotides
Continue on back 
26. Add 5 drops of the enzymes from the pancreas. List like above.
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleotides
27. Add bile that is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. The role of bile is to
______________________________________________________
28. What are the purposes of the digestive accessory organs (salivary glands, liver, and pancreas)?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
29. How is the duodenum flask like your duodenum? How is it different?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
30. The rest of the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) is for absorption of nutrients. What is the length?
___________ cm
31. Add mucous
32. Decant liquid (no chunks) into a “bloodstream” beaker. This are the nutrients you get from food!! The
nutrient rich blood goes through the liver first, and then to the heart. Why does it go to the liver first?
___________________________________________________________________________________
33. Why do foods need to be digested at all?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
34. What monomers are decanted into your blood stream?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
35. Why is decanting like what happens in your jejunum and ileum?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Large Intestine (colon): Absorption of liquids and salts into the blood stream.
36. Measure the string at the station. This represents the length of the large intestine. How long is it?
___________ cm
37. Pour/scrape the rest of the food in the flask in a piece of cheese cloth covering the beaker. You only get one
piece of cloth, so use it carefully.
38. Wring out the liquid into your beaker. Careful not to drop any feces in the process.
39. Remove the feces from the cheese cloth, give it a few squeeze to shape it correctly, then evacuate your
colon through the rectum (give it to Mrs. Cardellini).
40. Wash both the beaker and flask thoroughly then show it to Mrs. C. Throw the cloth in the trash.
41. What squeezes out the water in the colon? ______________________________
42. How is your large intestine like the cheesecloth?
____________________________________________________________________
43. Bacteria live in your large intestine. Why there? What type of relationship do they have with you? Explain.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________