Download Body Systems - Enders Science Page

BC Science 8 CH02
11/5/06
11:39 AM
Page 20
Name
Section
Date
2.1
Body Systems
Summary
Textbook pages 52–63
Before You Read
In this section, you will find out about the systems of the human body. A system is made
of two or more parts that work together as a whole. If one of the parts is missing or
damaged, a system will not work well. It might not work at all. On the lines below, name
one type of system in your home. Give an example of what might happen if one part of
it is damaged.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
✏
◆
Mark the Text
Create an Outline
Make an outline of the
information in this section.
Use the headings in the
reading as a starting point.
Include the boldface terms
and any other terms that you
think are important.
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
What parts make up each system of the human
body?
There are 11 systems of the body. Each of these systems is
made up of different parts that work together as a whole to
perform all the functions that keep you alive. The parts that
make up each body system are cells, tissues, organs, and
organ systems.
What is tissue?
Cells that have the same structure and that play the same role
in the body are grouped together to form tissue. For instance,
muscle cells are grouped to form muscle tissue. ●
✔
✔
●
Reading Check
1. What is a tissue?
___________________
___________________
___________________
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MHR • Section 2.1
What is an organ?
Tissues of different kinds that work together form an organ.
For instance, the heart is an organ. The heart is mostly made
of muscle tissue. Nerve tissue transfers signals to the heart
from the brain and from other parts of the body. Epithelial
tissue lines the inside of the heart and covers the outside of it.
Body Systems
© 2006 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
BC Science 8 CH02
11/5/06
11:39 AM
Page 21
Section
Name
2.1
Date
Summary
continued
Connective tissue gives strength and shape to the other
tissues that form the heart. Muscle tissue, nerve tissue,
epithelial tissue, and connective tissue are also found in other
organ systems. ●
✔
✔
●
Reading Check
2. Which four tissues work
together in the heart?
___________________
What is an organ system?
An organ can work by itself or it can work together with
other organs to form an organ system. The heart is the only
organ in the circulatory system. The digestive system has
several different organs, including the stomach, the small
intestine, and the large intestine. The organs of the digestive
system work together to help you take in food, break it down,
absorb nutrients, and remove solid wastes from your body.
___________________
___________________
Systems in the Human Body
Circulatory
– moves blood,
nutrients, gases, and
wastes
Digestive
– takes in and breaks
down food, absorbs
nutrients, gets rid of
solid waste
Respiratory
– controls breathing and
exchanging gases in
lungs and tissues
Excretory
– removes liquid and
gas wastes
Immune
– defends the body from
infections
Endocrine
– makes hormones
Reproductive
– has organs for
making babies
Integumentary
(skin, hair, and nails)
– protects the body
Skeletal
– has bones that support
the body and work with
muscles to move the
body
Muscular
– has muscles that
work with bones to
move the body
Nervous
– has nerves that detect,
signal, and respond to
changes in the
environment
© 2006 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Section 2.1
Body Systems • MHR
21
BC Science 8 CH02
11/5/06
11:39 AM
Page 22
Name
Date
Vocabulary
Section 2.1
Use with textbook pages 56–57.
Eleven body systems
Vocabulary
respiratory
endocrine
muscular
skeletal
excretory
nervous
circulatory
immune
reproductive
digestive
defensive
integumentary
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. Use each term only once.
You will not need to use every term.
1. The ______________________________________ system controls breathing.
2. The ______________________________________ system has bones that support the
body and work with muscles to move the body.
3. The ______________________________________ system has nerves that detect, signal,
and respond to changes in the environment.
4. The ______________________________________ system removes liquid and gas
wastes from the body.
5. The ______________________________________ system makes hormones.
6. The ______________________________________ system takes in and breaks down
food, absorbs nutrients, and gets rid of solid waste.
7. The ______________________________________ system protects the body and
includes skin, hair, and nails.
8. The ______________________________________ system includes organs
for making babies.
9. The ______________________________________ system defends the body
against infections.
10. The ______________________________________ system has muscles that work with
bones to move the body.
11. The ______________________________________ system moves blood, nutrients,
gases, and wastes.
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MHR • Section 2.1
Body Systems
© 2006 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited