Download LS Seeded Vascular Plants Booklet PP

Seeded Vascular Plants Booklet
Table of Contents (2)
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Front Cover
Table of Content
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Groups/ Importance of Seed Plant
Reproduction In Seed Plants
Pollen
Parts Of A Seed
Gymnosperm Reproduction
Angiosperm Reproduction
Seed Dispersal
Germination
Gymnosperms p.3
• Gymnosperms are vascular plants that
produce seeds that are not protected by fruit.
• They do not have flowers.
• Their leaves are needle-like or scale-like
• Mostly of them are evergreens.
• Their seeds develop inside cones
Gymnosperms cont. P.3
• 3 divisions
– Conifers
• Largest group
• Has cones (male and female cones)
• Evergreen: keeps their leaves all year
– Examples: pine tree and cedar tree
– Cycads
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Large tropical trees
Looks like ferns or small palm trees
Large leaves
Trees contain male and female cones
Gymnosperms cont. p3
– Gingkoes
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Large fan shaped leaves
Only found in some parts of the U.S. and China
Trees contain either all male cones or all female cones.
Seeds are large and red, and produce an awful smell.
Angiosperms p.4
• Angiosperms have flowers they also have fruits that
contain 1 or more seeds.
• 2 groups
– Monocots: 1 cotyledon inside the seed (bananas, lillies)
– Dicots: 2 cotyledons inside the seed (peanuts, apples,
oranges
• Cotyledon: part of the seed that is often used for
food storage.
• Seeds develop in fruits or flowers
Angiosperms cont. p4
Groups of Seed Plants p.5
• Annuals: plants that complete their life cycle
within one growing season
– Example: marigolds
• Biennials: plants that complete their life cycle
within 2 growing seasons
– Example: carrots
• Perennials: plants that live for many years
– Example: tulips, lilacs, pine trees
Importance of Seed Plants p.5
• We use plant products = paper
• We eat plants= fruits and veggies
• We use parts of the plant to make things=
cotton for clothes (e.g. cotton is used for
clothes)
Reproduction in Seed Plants p.6
• Asexual: one parent organism, the offspring is
genetically identical to the parent
• Sexual: 2 parents, requires sperm and egg
cells, the offspring will be genetically different
than the parents
• Female reproductive organs produce eggs
• Male reproductive organs produce sperm
Reproduction in seed plants cont. p.6
• 2 stages of plant life cycle
– Sporophyte
• Begins when cells in reproductive organs undergo
meiosis and produce spores
– Gametophyte
• Fertilization occurs (the joining of sperm and egg cells)
Pollen
p.7
• Pollen
– The yellow stuff that gets all over everything in the spring
– How most plants go through fertilization
• Pollen Grain
– Has a water-resistant covering and contains gametophyte
parts (sperm)
– Carried by gravity, wind, water, or animals
• Pollination
– The transfer of pollen grains to the female part of the
plant.
• Seeds develop in the female part after fertilization
Pollen
p.7
Parts of the Seed
• Embryo = develop into the plant’s stems,
leaves, and roots
• Stored food = provides nutrients for the
growing plant.
• Protective seed coat = gives the seed _______.
Gymnosperm Reproduction p.9
• Seeds are found in cones
• Produces male and female cones
– Female = produces the egg in the ovule; they are
larger in size than male cones.
– Male = produces the pollen/sperm; they are
smaller in size than female cones
Angiosperm Reproduction
p.10
• 4 main parts of a Flower
– Petals: colorful parts
– Sepals: leafy parts
– Stamen: male part = anther and filament
– Pistil: female part= ovary contains the ovule
• Brightly colored flowers attract insects and
other animals to transfer pollen
Angiosperm Reproduction cont. p.10
Seed Dispersal
p.11
• The movement of seeds to different places.
– Gravity
– Wind Dispersal
– Animals
– Water
Germination p.12
• A series of events that results in the growth of
a plant
• Germination will not occur if the conditions
are not right