Download 1.3 Reproduction of Seed Plants

May 26, 2015
1.3 Reproduction of
Seed Plants
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Content/writing space
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Gymnosperms
vs Angiosperms
Gymnosperms are plants that
reproduce by producing a
cone to protect the seed.
Angiosperms are plants that
produce flowers to produce
the seed.
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Life Cycle
From seed, to
plant, to flower, to
fruit is the life cycle
of a tomato plant.
Seeds are found
within the fruit to
be used to start
another plant.
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3 stages in a plants life
1. Seed stage - a seed has 3 main parts:
a.
embryo - the future plant
b.
stored food - surrounds the embryo, used as
food until it can perform photosynthesis
c.
seed coat - protective layer
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Monocot vs Dicot
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Stage Two - Seedling
Plants grow fast and produce new leaves, roots
and stems. Photosynthesis begins. Use nutrients
from the soil to build new parts.
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Stage 3 - Adult stage
Adult plants produce reproductive structures. For
seed plants, these structures are either a seed or
a cone.
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Reproduction of Seed plants
Plants produce flowers and cones to they can
produce seeds.
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Conifers
brainpop - seedless plants
Cone-producing plants (conifers) usually have
separate male and female cones - male cones
produce pollen, female cones contain ovules.
When ovules are pollinated, they develop seeds.
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Pollinators
Plants need to get the pollen to the ovules.
Conifers and grain crops release their pollen into
the air, where it is carried by the wind.
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Pollination by insects
Many flowering plants rely on
insects, birds and bats to
pollinate (transfer pollen).
Pollinators come to flowers
for food (nectar) and get
covered in pollen. When the
move onto another plant, they
take the pollen with them.
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Reproduction without Seeds
Almost half the plant species in the
world reproduce asexually, without
creating seeds. The daughter plants
resulting from asexual reproduction are
genetically identical to the parent plant.
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Runners
Runners - stems that grow along the soil
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Rhizomes
Rhizomes - runners that are
underground
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Suckers
Suckers are seed plants that reproduce from
their roots.
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Technology to reproduce plants
Growers often
use vegetative
reproduction to
produce many
plants for sale
at nurseries.
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Cuttings
Most plants will grow from a
cutting.
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Grafting
Grafting is used a lot for fruit
trees. A branch of a different
tree is attached to an existing
tree and it eventually grows
together.
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