Download Grammar 5 Word Order

Word Order
Subject Helping Frequency
verbs
adverbs
‫فاعل‬
‫فعل کمکی‬
Main
verbs
‫قید تکرار‬
Object Adverbs of Adverbs of
manner
place
‫مفعول‬
‫فعل اصلی‬
‫قید حالت‬
Adverbs of time
‫قید مکان‬
‫قید زمان‬
I
am
sometimes go
me
badly
at school
yesterday
You
is
always
eat
you
quickly
at home
every day
He
are
usually
play
him
rapidly
in class
tomorrow
She
was
often
live
her
beautifully on farm
It
were
never
read
it
carefully
at university in winter
We
can
hardly
write
us
carelessly
in the field
on Monday
They
could
rarely
drive
them
hard
on land
last night
Np
will
scarcely
get up
np
fast
in the sky
at 6
Pn
must
ever
see
pn
well
here
on time
in Aban
I could never play football in the playground carefully last year.
Subject
Subject goes at the very beginning of a sentence. A subject has three forms:
• Pronouns: I – You – He – She - It - We – You –They
• PN (proper noun): Ali – Reza – Hamid – Mina
• NP (noun phrase): My father – his Friend – The students
Helping verbs
Helping verbs go after the subject. Helping verbs are classified into two
groups:
• Be- have-do family: am; is; are; was; were; have; has; had
• Modals: can; could; shall; should; will; would; may; might; must; have to;
had to; ……
Frequency adverbs
• Adverbs of frequency goes after the auxiliary verbs and before the main
verbs.
1. He is always late.
2. He always comes late.
3. We is always coming late.
• The list: always; sometimes; often; usually; never; hardly; ……. .
Main verbs
Main verb is the core of the sentence. It is the core because:
• It shows the tense of the sentence;
1. I played football. ( simple past tense )
2. I play football. ( simple present tense )
3. I will play football. ( simple future tense )
4. I am playing football. ( present continuous tense )
5. I was playing football. ( past continuous tense )
6. I have played football. ( present perfect tense )
7. I had played football. ( past perfect tense )
Object
Objects come after the transitive verbs.
1. They ate lunch.
Subject
verb
object
• They can’t go after the intransitive verbs;
1. The students go to school.
• Bitransitive verbs get two objects;
1. Ali sent an e-mail to Reza.
2. Ali sent Reza an e-mail.
• Ergative verbs are both transitive and intransitive.
1. The door opens.
2. Ali open the door.
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of manner go after the object.
1. The children are watching TV carefully.
• How to make an adverb of manner?
Adjective + -ly = adverb of manner
• Some adverbs are irregular: hard; fast; well
1. The teacher can speak English well.
What’s the difference between hard and hardly?
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of place go after the adverb of manner.
She is watching the TV carelessly at home.
• Adverbs of place describes the place of action or state.
• The smaller place goes before the larger one.
1. They live on Zand Street in Shiraz.
•
Zand Street is smaller than Shiraz.
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of time go at the end of the sentence and show the time of action or
state.
I saw him at school yesterday.
• Like adverbs of place, The smaller time goes before the larger one.
1. Mina got up at 6 yesterday.
• Yesterday is bigger than at 6.