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GEOLOGY 12
CHAPTER 22 WORKSHEET
COMPARATIVE PLANETOLOGY
Name _______________________
References:
Video: Overview of the Solar System (Standard Deviants – 30 minutes)
Text: pages 165-167 and 475-501
CDROM (Library): Exploring the Planets-Advanced Level
INTRODUCTION (VIDEO)
Record 2 or 3 distinguishing characteristics (i.e. no atmosphere, cratered, volcanoes,
direction of rotation, etc.) for each planet and their major moons. (Note: 1 A.U. or
astronomical unit = the distance from the Earth to the Sun)
•
Mercury
•
Venus
•
Mars
•
Jupiter
•
Saturn
•
Uranus
•
Neptune
•
Pluto
THE NEBULAR THEORY
TEXT (and CDROM “ Exploring the Planets: Introduction”)
The basic premise of the Nebular Model or Theory is that planets vary in their
composition as a consequence of their distance from the sun, and, their development
was a result of this composition and their size.
Use the information on page 166, 476-477 and 486 to explain why the planets are
classified as terrestrial (inner) and Jovian (outer).
PLANETARY PROCESSES (see CDROM “Exploring the Planets”)
From the main menu choose “Planetary Processes”. Read the captions for each of the
following processes. (An excellent review opportunity!) Click on the Link to Planet
button when it flashes to explore photos of these features and make note of the planets
and moons that exhibit evidence of these processes.
A. LANDSLIDES
B. VOLCANISM
Shield Volcanoes
Composite Volcanoes
Cinder Cones
Caldera
C. FLOWING WATER
Canyons
Flood Channels
D. WIND
Desert Pavement
Dunes
E. IMPACT CRATERING (Craters)
F. TECTONICS
Strike-Slip Faults
Folding
Normal Faults / Fault Blocks / Graben + Horsts
PHOTO REVIEW OF GEOLOGIC FEATURES
•
Go to the Belmont Geology website. http://belmont.sd62.bc.ca/teacher/geology12/index.htm
•
Find the Comparative Planetology section on the Photo Review page.
•
Click on the photo links and briefly describe the major geologic features shown.
1.
NASA's Welcome to the Planets and Solar System Summary
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Asteroid Belt
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Kiuper Belt
Oort Cloud
2.
Landslides
Earth1
Earth2
Moon
Mars
3.
Volcanism
Earth
Venus
Mars
Io
Chart
4.
Flowing Water
Earth
Mars
-2-
5.
Mudcracks
Earth vs Mars
6.
Wind
Earth
Mars
7.
Impact Craters
Mercury
Venus
Earth1
Earth2
Moon
Mars
Asteroids
Jupiter
8.
Tectonics
Earth
Ganymede
8Complete the following Provincial Exam questions.
COMPARATIVE PLANETOLOGY
PHOTO REVIEW OF GEOLOGIC FEATURES
53. All of the following may be used as criteria for distinguishing the inner planets from the outer
planets except
A.
B.
C.
D.
size.
density.
orbital period.
orbital direction.
54. Which of the following is best explained by the Nebular Hypothesis of the solar system’s
formation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Some planets do not have an atmosphere.
Most planets have cooler surface temperatures than Earth.
Some outer planets have higher internal temperatures than inner planets.
Inner planets have rocky compositions, outer planets have gaseous compositions.
55. The best reason for a lack of cratering on Venus, is that Venus has a(n)
A.
B.
C.
D.
acidic atmosphere.
weak magnetic field.
variety of active geologic processes.
weaker gravitational pull than Earth.
53. The most heavily cratered solid bodies in the solar system also have the
A.
B.
C.
D.
deepest oceans.
thickest atmospheres.
least tectonic activity.
highest internal temperatures.
54. Which of the following solar system bodies shows evidence of flowing water at some time in its
history?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mars
Moon
Venus
Jupiter
55. The Nebular Model of the origin of the solar system suggests that the outer planets consist of
lighter, easily evaporated materials because these materials would condense where
A.
B.
C.
D.
pressures were lower.
pressures were higher.
temperatures were lower.
temperatures were higher.
Use the following sketch of a section of the moonÕs surface, which shows a variety of
geological features, to answer question 53.
V
Z
W
Y
50 km
X
Y and W
impact craters
V
Basalt lava flow
X
Sinuous rille
Z
Highly cratered terrain
53. The most likely order of ages of the moonÕs geological features, from oldest to youngest, is
A.
B.
C.
D.
V, Z, Y, X, W
V, Y, W, Z, X
Z, Y, V, X, W
Z, V, Y, W, X
________________________________________________
54. The surface of Mars shows evidence of running water. Which of the following is least likely to
be found on Mars?
A.
B.
C.
D.
coal
shale
sandstone
conglomerate
55. The feature that all of the planets have in common is
A.
B.
C.
D.
their average density.
their surface temperature.
the number of moons orbiting each.
the direction of revolution around the sun.
Use the following image of Mars to answer question 53.
NASA/National Space Science Data Center
53. Which of the following geologic processes is indicated by the branching patterns shown in the
image of the Martian surface?
A.
B.
C.
D.
cratering
volcanism
wind erosion
stream erosion
11. Describe three characteristics of the planets of our solar system, other than distance from the
sun, that justify their classification into inner and outer groups. As there is some question at this
time whether Pluto is a planet, omit Pluto from your answer.
(3 marks)
CHARACTERISTIC
Example:
Distance from the sun.
1.
2.
3.
INNER PLANETS
OUTER PLANETS
Four inner planets are closer
to the sun.
Outer planets are farther
away from the sun than inner
planets are.
REFERENCE
DATA Ê B OOKLET
Refer to page x of the Data Booklet.
Use the Basic Data on the Solar System chart to answer question 14.
14. a) Density can be used to divide the planets into two groups: the inner and outer planets.
What difference in composition would account for the difference in density of the two
groups?
(1 mark)
b) Describe how the Nebular Theory of the origin of the solar system explains the difference in
density between the inner and outer planets.
(1 mark)
For question 54, refer to the following in the Data Booklet.
REFERENCE
DATA B OOKLET
page xii: Basic Data on the Solar System
54. Which of the following is not consistent with the Nebular Model for the origin of the solar
system?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Each planet rotates about its axis.
The outer planets have a higher density.
The planets revolve in the same direction.
All planets revolve approximately in the same plane.
________________________________________________
55. All of the following can be found on the earth and the moon except
A.
B.
C.
D.
metallic cores.
impact craters.
basaltic plains.
active volcanoes.