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Compare & Contrast Series Circuits & Parallel Circuits What are the three components that make up a circuit? Series Parallel Components connected in series are connected along a single path, so the same current flows through all of the components. Components connected in parallel are connected so the same voltage is applied to each component. the current through each of the components is the same To calculate current: First you need to calculate total resistance of the circuit, then use ohm’s law. total current is the sum of the currents through all the components First calculate individual currents running through each resistor using ohm’s law, then add up the individual currents to find the total current of the circuit voltage across the components is shared The voltage of series circuit is equal to the voltage source, for example if you have a 12 volt battery, then the voltage is 12 volts. Remember with series circuit, there is voltage drop across each resistor. To find voltage drop use ohm’s law. voltage across each of the components is the same For example if you have a 12 volt battery, 12 volts is used by each branch. Resistance The resistance is all connected on one circuit. To calculate add up all resistors. Resistance Because each resistor is on its own branch, resistance is partial (small value). To find use ohm’s law. In a series circuit, every device must function for the circuit to be complete. One bulb burning out in a series circuit kills the circuit. In parallel circuits, each light has its own circuit, so all but one light could be burned out, and the last one will still function. If you add a resistor in: Series Parallel equivalent resistance increases decreases total current in circuit decreases increases current through each device the same depends on its resistance depends on its resistance the same voltage across each device