Download The Rise of Feudalism

The Rise of Feudalism:
Vikings, Magyars, and
Muslims…OH MY!
What is
FEUDALISM
???
Feudalism is…
A
political, social & economic system
in which loyalty is exchanged for
service.
Feudalism
Definition
• System of
promises between
lords and vassals
Purpose
• Safety from
invaders and other
kings/nobles
Feudalism
• Created by the
Franks in the
800s
• 1066 spreads to
England by
William the
Conqueror
So what…
 It’s
a political system because:
–A king divides his
KINGDOM/ LAND/ TERRITORY
- It is MANAGED
& DEFENDED
Williamstonia
a. Managing Land
Run by
Noble
Joe
Run by
Lord Jack
Run by
Lord Laura
Run by
Noble
Bob
Run by
Lord
Nathan
King W can relax a bit…
Monarch still “owns” the kingdom but he
has Nobles/Lords to manage it for him.
 Nobles & Lords are VASSALS to the king

– Promise
– Promise
– Promise
– Promise
their loyalty
to defend the land
to give soldiers (knights) for battle
to pay Taxes/Tribute when needed
Go On…
SOCIAL
SYSTEM TOO!
–Social Classes are guaranteed.
–Vassal: anyone who promises
LOYALTY for land/fief/etc.
Lords
• Loyal to the king
• Ruled land as
independent
territories
• Required knights
to protect land
Lords
Duties
• Give vassals or
knights fiefs in
return for
protection
• Treat vassals fairly
• Help vassals if
attacked
Vassals
Definition
• Someone who
promised
support in
exchange for
land
Vassals
Duties
• Fight for lord
• Give lords $$ on
special
occasions
• Provide lord food
and shelter
Question
How could a noble be both a lord and a
vassal?
Answer: A noble could receive land
from a lord or king and in turn grant
land to a lower-ranking noble.
Knights
• Warriors who
fought on
horseback
• Vassals to
lords
• Received fiefs
Question
Why would being a knight hold such a
high position in society?
Possible answers:
• Required lots of money for equipment
• Had to train for many years
The Lowest of the LOWWWW!
• Peasants – sort of free, still poor
»Manual Labor
• Serfs – tied to the land = slaves
–Menial Manual Labor
–Check p. 243 & 245-6 & list 5 things
Serfs had to do or were responsible for:
Draw and fill in
Serfs
Peasants
Serfs
Peasants
• tied to the land
• paid to use
resources
• could leave
•Farmed
•Received
protection
•Paid with
crops
• few owned
land
FEUDALISM
 Economic
System because “all” trade,
business, etc. takes place at the manor.
 “STUFF” is exchanged for service
– e.g. A knight’s PROTECTION
Is exchanged for some of the Lord’s Land
Is exchanged for Food from Serfs Labor
The Manor should produce everything they need
Manors
• Large estate
owned by a Lord or
wealthy knight
– Collected taxes
– Punished people
• Included large
house/castle,
pastures, fields,
and forests and
village
Fallow Land
Pasture
Church
Manor
Life on the Manor
Manors
• Peasants and serfs
– Allowed to farm land
on the manor
– Did not own land
– Largest group of
people
• Skilled workers
– Produced everything a
lord and manor may
need on site
REVIEW
Let’s see how much you remember!
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Everyone owed loyalty to the ________
_______ were really the most powerful.
They got _______ from the king.
Knights gave _________ _________ in
return for land.
_______ were bound to the land. They
worked in return for ____________.
__________ were skilled workers. They
paid rent to the ______ and were free to
move if they wanted to.
Check Your Answers
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Everyone owed loyalty to the king.
Nobles were really the most powerful.
They got land from the king.
Knights gave military service in return
for land.
Serfs were bound to the land. They
worked in return for protection.
Peasants were skilled workers. They
paid rent to the lords and were free
to move if they wanted to.
Medieval = Middle Ages
Between two Classic
Ages
1. The Roman Empire
  INSERT HERE  
3. Renaissance Europe
THE END
HW
• Create and write a sentence for
10 of the vocabulary words we
learned today that helps you
remember what each is. (Thus,
10 sentences are expected)
Prompt
Give advice: How should your
king and lord defend against
Viking attacks?
Feudalism p. 242
• A system called “feudalism”
developed as a response to the
lightning-fast attacks of their
enemies and a way for kings to
keep order in their lands
Knight
• S define Knight p. 242
Nobles (nobility)
• Nobles: “of, belonging to, or constituting a
hereditary class that has special social or
political status in a country or state; of or
pertaining to the aristocracy”.
Nobility is usually hereditary
• Hereditary: “The transmission of qualities
from parents to offspring”
Nobles are part of the Aristocracy
(Aristocrat)
• Aristocracy: “The upper class. The nobility”.
Lord
• Use p. 242 to define Lord under “Knights and
Land” using the word noble in your definition
Vassal
• Use p. 243 to define Vassal.
Fief
• Fief: A piece of land given by a lord to a
vassal in exchange for military service
William the Conqueror
• Use p. 244 to answer the following
questions:
• Where was William from?
• William was from Normandy, in
northwestern France
– By the tip that sticks
Out
– Where we launched
our D-Day invasion in WWII
William the Conqueror
• Why was William called “the
conqueror”?
• William conquered England
(Britain).
William the Conqueror
• How did William reward his knights?
William the Conqueror
• How do you think this reward helped King
William rule Britain?
Feudalism
• Define Feudalism using p. 243
Manor
• Define Manor p. 245
Peasant
• Peasant: “a member of a class of persons, as
in Europe, Asia, and Latin America, who are
small farmers or farm laborers of low social
rank”.
Serf
• Serf: “a person in a condition of servitude,
required to render services to a lord,
commonly attached to the lord's land and
transferred with it from one owner to
another”.
After the Roman Empire
 There is a POWER VACUUM
– Vacuum: a space not filled or occupied;
emptiness; void
 WEAK
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
 LACK OF EFFECTIVE LAW
 VULNERABILITY
Threat of Invasion
 Vikings
 Magyars
 Muslims
 AND
MORE!
No more large cities, trade,
scholarship.
 With
all the disease, riots, outside
attacks and starvation people fled the
cities of the once strong Roman
empire.
 In Europe, people now lived on
manors, self-sufficient communities
consisting of a castle, church, village
and surrounding farmlands.

In the Feudal Society,
there were Kings and
Queens, Nobles,
Knights, and Peasants.
 All
of them had
responsibilities to
one another.
Finally, Some Leaders
Carolus Magnus =
Charles the Great =
Charlemagne
 Unites a new empire
based in Christianity
 Falls apart after his
death.

SECURITY first,
build from there…
Monarch

Owned all the land in the kingdom

Gave land or fiefs to powerful lords for
protection
A Lord’s Duties

Because they couldn’t depend on
protection from their kings, lords had to
defend their own lands.

Had to send help to the king during times
of war.

Many lords built castles, which provided
security in time of war
Castles
Motte and Bailey Castle
13th Century Castle
Knights

To defend their lands, nobles needed
soldiers. The best soldiers were knights,
warriors who fought on horseback.

Nobles gave knights fiefs, or pieces of
land, instead of money for their military
service.

In return for the land, a knight promised
to support the noble in battle.
Peasants and Serfs

Serfs were workers who were tied to the land on which
they lived. Serfs were not allowed to leave without their
lord’s permission.

Peasants paid rent to the lord and were free to leave the
land.

Farm labor was hard, and peasants usually worked in
the fields late into the night.

Peasants and serfs received protection in return for
working the land.
Oath of Fealty

By the Lord before whom this sanctuary is
holy, I will to he be true and faithful, and
love all which he loves and shun all which he
shuns, according to the laws of God and the
order of the world. Nor will I ever with will or
action, through word or deed, do anything
which is unpleasing to him, on condition that
he will hold to me as I shall deserve it, and
that he will perform everything as it was in
our agreement when I submitted myself to
him and chose his will.
REVIEW
Let’s see how much you remember!
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Everyone owed loyalty to the ________
_______ were really the most powerful.
They got _______ from the king.
Knights gave _________ _________ in
return for land.
_______ were bound to the land. They
worked in return for ____________.
__________ were skilled workers. They
paid rent to the ______ and were free to
move if they wanted to.
Check Your Answers
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Everyone owed loyalty to the king.
Nobles were really the most powerful.
They got land from the king.
Knights gave military service in return
for land.
Serfs were bound to the land. They
worked in return for protection.
Peasants were skilled workers. They
paid rent to the lords and were free
to move if they wanted to.