Download Biology Topic 7: Algae, spore-bearing plants VOCABULARY

Gymnázium, Brno, Slovanské nám. 7, WORKBOOK - Biology
Topic 7: Algae, spore-bearing plants
VOCABULARY
 antheridia – in mosses, reproductive structures that produce sperm
 archegonia - in mosses, reproductive structures that produce egg cells
 chemotaxis – in mosses, the responsive movement of sperm toward attractantproducing archegonia
 collenchyma cell – often elongated plant cell that occurs in long strands and provides
flexibility for the plant, support for surrounding tissue, and functions in tissue repair
and replacement
 companion cell – nucleated cell that helps the mature sieve tube member function in
transporting dissolved substances in the phloem of vascular plants
 cork cambium – meristematic tissue that produce cells with tough cell walls that form
the protective outside layer on stems and roots
 gemmae – in liverworts, small multicellular reproductive structures
 ground tissue – plant tissue category consisting of parenchyma, collenchyma, and
sclerenchyma
 heterosporous – able to produce two types of spores, megaspores and microspores,
that develop into female or male gametophytes
 leaves – photosynthetic organs that contain one or more bundles of vascular tissue
 lichen – symbiotic relationship between a fungus (usually an ascomycete) and an alga
or photosynthetic partner
 meristem – region of rapid cell division in plants; produces cells that can develop into
many different types of plant cells
 nonvascular plant – type of plant that lacks vascular tissues, moves substances
slowly from cell to cell by osmosis and diffusion, and grows only in a damp
environment
 parenchyma cell – spherical, thin-walled cell found throughout most plants that can
function in photosynthesis, gas exchange, protection, storage, and tissue repair and
replacement
 phloem – vascular plant tissue composed of sieve tube members and companion cells
that conducts dissolved sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves and
stems to the roots, and from the roots to the leaves and stems
 prothallus – heart-shaped, tiny fern gametophyte
 protonema – small, threadlike structure produced by mosses that can develop into the
gametophyte plant
 rhizoids – long, thin cells that anchor mosses in the ground and absorb water and
minerals from the surrounding soil
 rhizome – fern’s thick underground stem that functions as a food-storage organ
 root – underground organ, absorbs water and minerals
 sclerenchyma cell – plant cell that lacks cytoplasm and other living components when
mature, leaving thick, rigid cell walls that provide support and function in transport of
materials
 sieve tube member – nonnucleated, cytoplasmic cell of the phloem
 sorus – fern structure formed by clusters of sporangia, usually on the undersides of a
frond
INVESTICE DO ROZVOJE VZDĚLÁVÁNÍ
Gymnázium, Brno, Slovanské nám. 7, WORKBOOK - Biology
 stem – supporting structure that connects roots and leaves, carrying water and
nutrients
 strobilus – compact cluster of spore-bearing structures in some seedless vascular plant
sporophytes
 thallose – liverwort with a fleshy, lobed body shape
 tracheid – long, cylindrical plant cell in which water passes from cell to cell through
pitted ends
 vascular cambium – thin cylinder of meristematic tissue that produce new transport
cells
 vegetative reproduction – asexual reproduction in which new plants grow from parts
of an existing plant
 vessel element – elongated, tubular plant cell that forms xylem strands (vessels) and
conducts water and dissolved substances
 xylem – vascular plant tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals away from
the roots throughout the plant and is composed of vessel elements and tracheids
INVESTICE DO ROZVOJE VZDĚLÁVÁNÍ