Download Introduction to Plants

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Date:
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Introduction to the Plant Kingdom
What makes a plant a plant? All plants:
 Are Eukaryotic (has a ___________________)
 Have cell walls made of __________________________________
 Are ______________________________ – photosynthetic
 Are ____________________________ - (cannot move)
What do plants need to survive?
 ________________________
 ________________________
 ________________________
 ________________________ movement
Evolution and Basic Adaptations of Plants
The first plants were called nonvascular plants
They all have the following traits:
1. No_______________________________ tissue
 Can only move water from cell to cell by way of _________________.
2. Lack true roots, stems and __________________
3. Cannot grow _________________
4. Live in ____________________ environments – these plants are highly dependent on
___________________.
Examples of nonvascular plants include _______________ and ________________.
What came next in plant evolution?
 In the evolution of plants, plants went from living
exclusively in ____________________ to living
on land.
 These plants are called
_____________________________ plants
Vascular plant properties:
In order to survive in a new terrestrial environment,
plants had to be able to do ______ things.
1. Absorb _____________________
2. __________________ water loss
Reproduce on ______________
3.
How did they accomplish this?
 Absorbing nutrients
o _____________ systems and vascular tissue that allow movement
____________________________________ through the plant body.
 Preventing water loss
o Cuticle - ______________ covering
of the plant
o Stomata - opening that allows plants
to exchange __________ and
_____________________________
 Reproducing on ________________
o Seeds - contain the
______________ of the plant
o Flowers - a reproductive structure that produces ___________________ (sperm)
and _______________ (eggs)
All vascular plants have:
1. Vascular tissue:
 Special tissues that can move ____________________, nutrients and
dissolved__________________ through the plant body, even against the force of
_________________________.
2.____________________ roots, stems and leaves
3. The ability to grow _________________________
Taxonomy (classification) of plants
Plants are classified the same way all other living organisms are classified and they all of have
scientific names made of a scientific and common name
(ex. Quercus alba is a White Oak tree)
 Historically botanists used the term _________________ while zoologist used the term
_____________________, but they are the same.
 Phylum = division
 Today these terms are ______________________________
All plants are classified into one of the following 10 divisions or phyla:
Division 1: Bryophyta (Liverworts & Mosses)
Division 2: Psilophyta (Psilotum)
Division 3: Lycophyta (Club Mosses)
Division 4: Sphenophyta (Horsetails)
Division 5: Pterophyta (Ferns)
Division 6: Cycadophyta (Cycads)
Division 7: Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo)
Division 8: Gnetophyta (Gnetum & Welwitschia)
Division 9: Coniferophyta (Cone bearing trees & shrubs)
Division 10: Anthophyta (Flowering Plants)