Download You have completed this lesson regarding the Endocrine System of

Click here to
go to next
slide
By: Gabby Lutz
Understanding the collection of glands in the Endocrine
System that secrete different hormones in order to regulate
the body’s many functions in an organism.
A
C
B
E
D
E
F
G
I
H
Multiple Choice
Question
Return to
Homepage
•
•
•
•
Pituitary Gland
Most important gland of the Endocrine System
Pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain, below the hypothalamus
Two lobes: Anterior & Posterior
Posterior Pituitary Gland Hormones:
-Oxytocin: signals contractions of the womb during labor in women & moves sperm in men
-Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH): increase water reabsorption
•
Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones:
-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH): triggers the thyroid into secreting hormones
-Human Growth Hormone (HGH): stimulates growth of all tissues of the body, including bone
-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH): triggers the production & release of melanin
-Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles & sperm production
-Luteinizing Hormone (LH): promotes the secretion of progesterone in females & testosterone in males
-Prolactin: promotes milk production
-Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): stimulates production & release of cortisol from the cortex of the
adrenal gland
Return to
Homepage
•
•
•
Hypothalamus
Control and relay center of the Endocrine System
Located in the brain, below the thalamus & above the brainstem
Hormones secreted:
-Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH): stimulates release of prolactin & TSH
-Gonadatropin-Releasing Horome (GnRH): increases estrogen, pregesterone &
testerone levels
-Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH): triggers release of ACTH
-Somatostatin: inhibit release of GH & TSH
-Dopamine: inhibits the release of prolactin
Return to
Homepage
Pineal Gland
• Shaped like a pine cone, located on the midline of the brain
• Actual function is unkown
• Hormones secreted:
-Melatonin: helps synchronize circadian rhythms in different
parts of the body “sleeping hormone”
Return to
Homepage
Thyroid Gland
• Butterfly-shaped gland that sits low on the front of the neck
• Hormones secreted:
-Thyroxine: plays vital roles in digestion, heart and muscle
function, brain development and maintenance of bones
Return to
Homepage
Parathyroid Gland
• Four tiny glands located on the posterior side of the Thyroid
Gland
• Hormone secreted:
-Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): raises blood calcium level by
breaking down the bone & causing calcium release
-increases body’s ability to absorb calcium from food
Return to
Homepage
Thymus
• Located anatomically in the
anterior superior mediastinum
(behind sternum, in front of
heart)
• After puberty, the thymus slowly
shrinks & is replaced by fat
• Hormone secreted:
-Thymosin: stimulates
development of disease-fighting
T-cells
Return to
Homepage
• Located just above either kidney, which are in
the middle of your lower back.
• Secretes hormones: Anti-Diuretic Hormone
(ADH) & Aldosterone
-ADH: promotes the reabsorption of water
-Aldosterone: promotes sodium reabsorption
Return to
Homepage
Pancreas
• Located in the abdominal cavity
behind the stomach
• Hormones secreted:
-Isulin: regulates how the body uses
& stores fat and glucose
-Glucagon: controls blood sugar
(glucose) levels.
Return to
Homepage
Testes
• Located behind the male genitalia in a pouch
of skin called the scrotum
• Hormone secreted:
-Testosterone: key role in the development
of male reproductive tissues
-increases muscle, bone mass and growth of
body hair
Return to
Homepage
Ovaries
• Located on opposite ends of the pelvic
wall, on either side of the uterus
• Hormones secreted:
-Estrogen: aids in the development of
female secondary sexual characteristics
-Progesterone: thickens the lining of the
uterus each month, preparing the lining to
receive and nourish a fertilized egg
Multiple Choice Question
Which gland/organ plays the most important role in the
Endocrine System?
A. Pancreas
B. Pituitary Gland
C. Thymus
Return to
Multiple
Choice
Question
A. Pancreas
Almost!
• Although the Pancreas is a very important
organ involved in the endocrine system, it only
secretes two hormones.
• Insulin & Glucagon are secreted by the
Pancreas and aid in regulating the body’s
blood sugar.
Next
B. Pituitary Gland
Correct! 
• The Pituitary Gland is often considered the
most important part of the endocrine system
because it secretes hormones that control
many functions of the other endocrine glands.
Return to
Multiple Choice
Question
C. Thymus
Not quite!
• The Thymus secretes the hormone that
produces T cells which aid the immune
system. However, the thymus becomes much
smaller after puberty and is eventually
replaced with fat.
Return to Title
Slide
Congratulations! 
You have completed this lesson regarding the
Endocrine System of the human body!
Excellent work!
Please click the “Return to Title Slide” button in
order to return to the main menu.