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CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION Complex compensating devices CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION Complex compensating devices Complex compensating devices 90 The use of electrical energy in industry is invariably connected with its transformation. The development of semiconductor elements and the broader coming of semi-conductor transformers, frequency control, welding machines and electrical arc furnaces in industrial projects have a negative impact over the electrical power quality in the electro distributing systems. Induction machines need reactive energy to create electromagnetic field. The reactive component of current is taken from the electro distributing systems but it leads to additional losses in the power supply system and makes shorter the exploitation term of electrical devices. This leads to curving of the sinusoid form of current and voltage and interferences with harmonic character. Compensating the reactive power means to fill up the system in such a way that the needed reactive power to be created from the compensating device instead of being taken from the electro transportation system. This leads to killing the voltage fall and cable losses and increasing the outlet power of the power transporters and cutting down the bills for overconsumption of reactive energy paid by consumers to the electricity supply company. In practice compensating the reactive energy and high harmonics through LC filters combined in compensating installations has the broadest spreading. There are several types of compensation according to their location: individual compensation – when to every single motor or consumer is mounted a compensating system. It is applied to powerful motors and transformers with fixed capacity. installation compensation – when the consumers from the whole section (workshop) are grouped and compensation is accomplished for the whole section. overall compensation – accomplished at full compensation in the inlet of the installation. According to the type of the compensating devices compensation can be: passive – when the system supplies constant reactive power. In this case the system does not react to changes in the size and nature of the harmonic components and also to the per cent increase of the reactive energy in time. active – broader spread. The system controls the form of the consumed current and generates different capacity depending on the load changes. 3 YEAR WARRANTY When designing the electro distributing system of industrial projects the following tasks are taken into consideration: defining the factor of non-sinusoid of the consumers and the voltage harmonic components defining the additional loading of the capacitor batteries from the harmonic components and calculating the filtering elements if needed The calculation of the compensating device capacity is done by reading the reactive energy of the system and the working time of the system. Compensating devices represent a device of one or several metal boxes with common rail system, automatic regulator for cosφ control RPSF-xx series, different number of capacitor batteries (according to the capacity of the device) with different capacity HY 111 series, contactors for capacitor batteries control CJ 19-43 series, protective elements, etc. The broadest spreading of compensation has acquired the compensation of harmonics and reactive energy with capacitors for high voltage. Capacitors HY 111 series are voltage remeasured and are able to endure overload from harmonic components up to 7% from the basic harmonics. They are used in systems with high harmonics foul up to 25%. The high harmonics composition is defined after measuring the influence rate of each separate harmonics compared to the first one. In Bulgaria mostly spread are 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 harmonics. The capacitors are remeasured for voltage 415V and are normally mounted right in the compensation systems. When the high harmonics are over 25% the system is taken to be foul and in this case except using capacitors, filters for leveling the harmonics are to be used as well. These filters are calculated on the basis of the corresponding voltage harmonics and differ for the different harmonics. They are calculated using complex mathematical programme which reads the foul rate, the significance per cent of the voltage harmonic component, etc. CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION Complex compensating devices D H1 H3 30 35 16 Capacitor batteries HY 111 series are specially designed three phase dry capacitors for compensation of reactive energy and correction of the capacity factor. It represents an aluminum cylindrical body in which a metal polypropylene folio is mounted which does not require special impregnation. The permittivity characteristics are acquired through filling with a special mixture on a vegetable base (resins). The capacitor battery is constructed in such a way that at failure (overload from voltage, current or temperature) breaks the connection to the upper cover where are the connections to the power supply. This is done by a specially constructed valve for overpressure mounted right above the capacitor element. The breaking of the inner couplings provides protection to the staff and environment from damage due to capacitor element failure. There is a three phase capacitor in the cylindrical body with built in resistor for rarefying the capacitors. 3 YEAR WARRANTY The capacitor battery can be used both for passive and active compensation. Technical data: Rated operating voltage: 450V; 50Hz insulation voltage: 690V Surge voltage wear resistance: 6kV per minute Capacity: from 5,0 to 100,0 kVAr at 450V Tolerance: ±5% Operating temperature: -40°C - +65°C Capacity losses: 0.5W/kVAr Built in discharging resistance Admissible current overload: twice as much the peak current Discharge time: <50V per minute Altitude: 2000m Mounting: With bolt M12 orM16 to a flat horizontal base Type of the battery Dimensions H / Ø (mm) Operating voltage (V) Battery capacity (kVAr) Capacity (µF) Packing/Box (pcs) Catalogue number HY 11A5 HY 11A7 210/76 210/76 450 450 5.0 7.5 3X26.2 3X39 6 6 49005 49007 HY 111A10 240/76 450 10.0 3X52.4 6 49010 HY 111A15 240/86 450 15.0 3X78.9 6 49015 HY 111A20 240/116 450 20.0 3X105 6 49020 HY 111A30 280/160 450 30.0 3X157 6 49030 HY 111A50 345/180 450 50.0 3X262 6 49050 HY 111A100 300/300 450 100.0 3X524 6 49100 HY 111A12* 230 / 85 690 12.5 3X27.9 6 49031 HY 11A25* 280 / 115 690 25 3X55.7 6 49032 Note: *Suitable for wind generators Controller for automatic regulation of the capacity factor (cosφ regulator) The automatic regulators of the capacity factor RPCFxx series are devices for monitoring of low voltage systems and control of switching on of capacitor batteries for the capacity factor compensation. There is possibility for adjustment of the system parameters and control. Manufactured by the latest CMOS technology, they are distinguished with high degree of data security, easy programming and secure control of the outlets. There is possibility for indication and setting the parameters of the power supply system as: capacity coefficient, display of the system parameters such as voltage, current and capacity, losses, protection against overload, overload indication or lack of voltage, etc. The change of parameters is performed through a combination of buttons on the front panel. There is light diode to indicate which parameter is being displayed on the screen and which outlets are in operation. The display is four digital. There is possibility for choice of the working conditions: manual or automatic. Type Number of steps 3 YEAR WARRANTY Technical data: Rated operating voltage: 230/400V Operating frequency: 45 – 65Hz insulation voltage: 690V Surge voltage wear resistance: 6kV per minute Measurement range: from 0 to 9999kVAr Measurement accurateness: àà voltage: ±1.0% àà current: ±1.0% àà capacity coefficient: ±1.0% àà reactive energy: ±2.0% Operating temperature: -10+65°C Humidity: 30 – 60% Display: 4 digital Responsiveness: 20mA Outlet: 7A Number of outlets: 12 and 16 Altitude: up to 2500m Mounting: Оn the front panel of the box through cutting an opening Dimensions H (mm) Packing/Box (pcs) Catalogue number HY-RPCF12 12 122x122 8 49120 HY-RPCF16 16 144x144 8 49160 CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION Dimensions (mm) Capacitor batteries for reactive energy compensation 91 Complex compensating devices Documents corresponding to the product: Standard EN 60831-1 EN 60831-2