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Electric Energy Fields Energy Field Variables • Electric Potential Energy • Potential energy charge has due to its position near the source charge • Measured in Joules • Scalar quantity • Directly dependent on source charge, test charge and inversely dependent on distance • Electric Potential, Potential or Voltage • Energy per charge • Measured in joules/coulomb • Scalar quantity • Directly dependent on source charge, inversely dependent on distance, independent of test charge PEElectrical = Q x V Energy Field Representations • Equipotential Diagrams • Faraday Diagrams PE=K Qsource Qtest /d, V= KQsource/d for single point charges Opposite Plate Charges • Faraday diagram is positive plateau next to negative linear valley • Equipotential Diagram • PE and Voltage greatest near positive charge, least near negative charge • V=Ed for this charge arrangement only Capacitors • Device which stores energy using an electric field • Charging a capacitor: charge taken from one plate and added to other • Discharging capacitor: charge and energy move from plates through circuit • Used to block DC, smooth AC, pulse charge and discharge voltage spikes • Q=CV, PE=1/2 QV, Capacitance is measured in farads and measures how much energy/charge a device an voltage time
