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CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION
Complex compensating devices
CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION
Complex compensating devices
Complex compensating devices
90
The use of electrical energy in industry is invariably
connected with its transformation. The development
of semiconductor elements and the broader coming
of semi-conductor transformers, frequency control,
welding machines and electrical arc furnaces in
industrial projects have a negative impact over the
electrical power quality in the electro distributing
systems. Induction machines need reactive energy to
create electromagnetic field. The reactive component of current is taken from the electro distributing
systems but it leads to additional losses in the power
supply system and makes shorter the exploitation
term of electrical devices. This leads to curving of the
sinusoid form of current and voltage and interferences with harmonic character. Compensating the
reactive power means to fill up the system in such
a way that the needed reactive power to be created
from the compensating device instead of being
taken from the electro transportation system. This
leads to killing the voltage fall and cable losses and
increasing the outlet power of the power transporters
and cutting down the bills for overconsumption of
reactive energy paid by consumers to the electricity supply company. In practice compensating the
reactive energy and high harmonics through LC filters
combined in compensating installations has the
broadest spreading.
There are several types of compensation according to their location:
ƒƒ individual compensation – when to every single
motor or consumer is mounted a compensating
system. It is applied to powerful motors and transformers with fixed capacity.
ƒƒ installation compensation – when the consumers
from the whole section (workshop) are grouped
and compensation is accomplished for the whole
section.
ƒƒ overall compensation – accomplished at full compensation in the inlet of the installation.
According to the type of the compensating
devices compensation can be:
ƒƒ passive – when the system supplies constant reactive power. In this case the system does not react
to changes in the size and nature of the harmonic
components and also to the per cent increase of
the reactive energy in time.
ƒƒ active – broader spread. The system controls the
form of the consumed current and generates different capacity depending on the load changes.
3
YEAR
WARRANTY
When designing the electro distributing system of
industrial projects the following tasks are taken into
consideration:
ƒƒ defining the factor of non-sinusoid of the consumers and the voltage harmonic components
ƒƒ defining the additional loading of the capacitor
batteries from the harmonic components and
calculating the filtering elements if needed
The calculation of the compensating device capacity
is done by reading the reactive energy of the system
and the working time of the system. Compensating
devices represent a device of one or several metal
boxes with common rail system, automatic regulator
for cosφ control RPSF-xx series, different number of
capacitor batteries (according to the capacity of the
device) with different capacity HY 111 series, contactors for capacitor batteries control CJ 19-43 series,
protective elements, etc.
The broadest spreading of compensation has acquired the compensation of harmonics and reactive
energy with capacitors for high voltage. Capacitors HY
111 series are voltage remeasured and are able to endure overload from harmonic components up to 7%
from the basic harmonics. They are used in systems
with high harmonics foul up to 25%.
The high harmonics composition is defined after
measuring the influence rate of each separate harmonics compared to the first one. In Bulgaria mostly
spread are 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 harmonics. The capacitors
are remeasured for voltage 415V and are normally
mounted right in the compensation systems.
When the high harmonics are over 25% the system is
taken to be foul and in this case except using capacitors, filters for leveling the harmonics are to be used
as well. These filters are calculated on the basis of the
corresponding voltage harmonics and differ for the
different harmonics. They are calculated using complex mathematical programme which reads the foul
rate, the significance per cent of the voltage harmonic
component, etc.
CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION
Complex compensating devices
D
H1
H3
30
35
16
Capacitor batteries HY 111 series are specially designed
three phase dry capacitors for compensation of reactive
energy and correction of the capacity factor. It represents an aluminum cylindrical body in which a metal
polypropylene folio is mounted which does not require
special impregnation. The permittivity characteristics are
acquired through filling with a special mixture on a vegetable base (resins). The capacitor battery is constructed
in such a way that at failure (overload from voltage, current or temperature) breaks the connection to the upper
cover where are the connections to the power supply.
This is done by a specially constructed valve for overpressure mounted right above the capacitor element.
The breaking of the inner couplings provides protection to the staff and environment from damage due to
capacitor element failure. There is a three phase capacitor
in the cylindrical body with built in resistor for rarefying
the capacitors.
3
YEAR
WARRANTY
The capacitor battery can be used both for passive and
active compensation.
Technical data:
ƒƒ Rated operating voltage: 450V; 50Hz
ƒƒ insulation voltage: 690V
ƒƒ Surge voltage wear resistance: 6kV per minute
ƒƒ Capacity: from 5,0 to 100,0 kVAr at 450V
ƒƒ Tolerance: ±5%
ƒƒ Operating temperature: -40°C - +65°C
ƒƒ Capacity losses: 0.5W/kVAr
ƒƒ Built in discharging resistance
ƒƒ Admissible current overload: twice as much the
peak current
ƒƒ Discharge time: <50V per minute
ƒƒ Altitude: 2000m
Mounting:
ƒƒ With bolt M12 orM16 to a flat horizontal base
Type of the
battery
Dimensions
H / Ø (mm)
Operating
voltage
(V)
Battery capacity
(kVAr)
Capacity (µF)
Packing/Box
(pcs)
Catalogue
number
HY 11A5
HY 11A7
210/76
210/76
450
450
5.0
7.5
3X26.2
3X39
6
6
49005
49007
HY 111A10
240/76
450
10.0
3X52.4
6
49010
HY 111A15
240/86
450
15.0
3X78.9
6
49015
HY 111A20
240/116
450
20.0
3X105
6
49020
HY 111A30
280/160
450
30.0
3X157
6
49030
HY 111A50
345/180
450
50.0
3X262
6
49050
HY 111A100
300/300
450
100.0
3X524
6
49100
HY 111A12*
230 / 85
690
12.5
3X27.9
6
49031
HY 11A25*
280 / 115
690
25
3X55.7
6
49032
Note: *Suitable for wind generators
Controller for automatic regulation of the
capacity factor (cosφ regulator)
The automatic regulators of the capacity factor RPCFxx series are devices for monitoring of low voltage
systems and control of switching on of capacitor
batteries for the capacity factor compensation. There
is possibility for adjustment of the system parameters
and control. Manufactured by the latest CMOS technology, they are distinguished with high degree of
data security, easy programming and secure control
of the outlets. There is possibility for indication and
setting the parameters of the power supply system
as: capacity coefficient, display of the system parameters such as voltage, current and capacity, losses,
protection against overload, overload indication or
lack of voltage, etc.
The change of parameters is performed through a
combination of buttons on the front panel. There
is light diode to indicate which parameter is being
displayed on the screen and which outlets are in
operation. The display is four digital. There is possibility for choice of the working conditions: manual or
automatic.
Type
Number of steps
3
YEAR
WARRANTY
Technical data:
ƒƒ Rated operating voltage: 230/400V
ƒƒ Operating frequency: 45 – 65Hz
ƒƒ insulation voltage: 690V
ƒƒ Surge voltage wear resistance: 6kV per minute
ƒƒ Measurement range: from 0 to 9999kVAr
ƒƒ Measurement accurateness:
àà voltage: ±1.0%
àà current: ±1.0%
àà capacity coefficient: ±1.0%
àà reactive energy: ±2.0%
ƒƒ Operating temperature: -10+65°C
ƒƒ Humidity: 30 – 60%
ƒƒ Display: 4 digital
ƒƒ Responsiveness: 20mA
ƒƒ Outlet: 7A
ƒƒ Number of outlets: 12 and 16
ƒƒ Altitude: up to 2500m
Mounting:
ƒƒ Оn the front panel of the box through cutting an
opening
Dimensions H
(mm)
Packing/Box (pcs)
Catalogue number
HY-RPCF12
12
122x122
8
49120
HY-RPCF16
16
144x144
8
49160
CAPACITY COEFFICIENT COMPENSATION
Dimensions (mm)
Capacitor batteries for reactive energy compensation
91
Complex compensating devices
Documents corresponding to the
product:
Standard EN 60831-1
EN 60831-2