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Group 1
Day 1: Ancient and Classical Greece Geography • Size of Louisiana • Consists of small plains and rivers •
Surrounded by mountains • Long seacoast • Had numerous bays and inlets • Greece also inhabited some
islands • Mountains caused them to separate and create their own "colonies" for Greece The Polis • A small but
autonomous political unit where all major political, social, and religious activities were carried out • City town or
village and its surrounding countryside • Focus point where citizens could gather for political, social, and
religious activities • Varied in size and population • Sometimes was a hill • Politics is derived from the term
"polis" • The city-states distrusted each other Warfare • Hoplites: heavily armed infantry men who wore bronze
or leather helmets, breastplates, and greaves • Phalanx: rectangular formation • Aristocratic Calvary soldiers on
horseback • Soldiers were large land owners and also dominated political life of their poleis • Each carried a
short sword, round shield, and a thrusting spear approx. 9 feet long • Hoplite army was after the Calvary •
Hoplites were made of farmers and/or aristocrats • Hoplites provide their own armor • Hoplite and phalanx
became an important factor in the rise of democracy in Greece Trade • 750-550 BCE: large numbers of Greeks
left their homelands to settle in distant lands • Growing gulf between rich and poor, overpopulation, and the
development of trade were all factors that led to establishment of colonies • Each colony was founded as a
polis and was independent of the mother polis • New colonies were settled along the coastline of northern Italy,
southern France, eastern Spain, and Northern Africa West of Egypt • Greeks set up colonies in Thrace to find
good farmlands to grow grains • Also they settled along the shores of the Black Sea and secured approaches
on Byzantine, Hellespont, and Bosporus and later Constantinople • Colonization also led to increased trade
and industry • Colonization helped foster a greater sense of identity • Mainland sent pottery, wine, and olive oil
to colonies • Mainland received grains, metal, fish, timber, wheat, and slaves • Newly rich men perceived that
decisions of the polis could affect their businesses and desired new political privileges
Group 2
-Geography played a important role in the development of Greece it isolated the various city states, much of
Greece has little bitty plains and river valleys surrounded by mountains. The mountains isolated the Greeks
from one another causing communities to follow their own separate paths and their own ways of life. They often
relied upon the sea and their many and various ports for trade. Apart from mainland Greece many Greeks also
inhabited the small surrounding islands.
The polis could be defined as a small but a autonomous political unit in which major political social and
religious activities where all carried out in one central location by this polis it consisted of a city town or village
and the surrounding countryside. The polis was often instrumental in determining whether or not a city state
would go to war or not and also during this time there was a revolutionary development in the way combat was
performed with the introduction of the hoplites and the hoplite battle formation of the phalanx.
Group 3
The Polis
A Polis a small political unit where all important political, social and religious activities happen in one place.
Normally had a city town or village which was the focus and also where the citizens could gather for the
activities. In Athens, the polis was a hill called Acropolis. Poleis could be large or small in size and population.
Trade in Greece
Trade helped establish colonies in Greece.
Becoming civilized with different peoples, cultures, and languages increased industry and trade. Different
places in Greece supplied a wide variety of goods for trade.
Geography of Greece
Greece was a mountainous peninsula about the size of Louisiana. This geography caused Greece to be split
into faction like city-states that developed very different life styles. With the separation of these city-states
Greece was divided yet united being conquered by itself more than once.
Warfare
Over a period of time, these communities became so fiercely attached to their independence that they were
only willing to fight one another to gain an advantage. Rivalry among them led to the warfare that ultimately
devastated Greek society. In 2800 B.C.E. they were making weapons out of bronze.
Hoplites- heavy armed infantry
Phalanx- a rectangular formation in a tight order, usually eight ranks deep
Group 4
Geography-
Mountainous peninsula about the size of Louisiana. This was also an isolation for Greeks
Rivalry among the Greeks ultimately devastate Greeks society
Greece had a long sea coast
Owned islands to the east, south, and west
Created civilizations along Mediterranean
South of the Gulf of Corinth was Sparta, North was Athens
Polis- political, social, and religious unit at one central location
Hoplites- heavily armed infintrymen with bronze or leather armor with round shield and spear
Phalanx- rectangular formation hoplites formed
Main land sent pottery, wine, and olive oil in exchange for grains and metals from the west. Fish,
timber, wheat, metals, and slaves from Black Sea region