Download Chps. 35-38-39 Plant Review-2013

Plant Unit Review
Name ________________________
Date ____________ Per________
1. What part of the seed provides the food for a developing sporophyte embryo in a gymnosperm?
a. Endosperm
d. Female sporophyte tissue
b. Female gametophyte tissue
e. Ovule
c. Nucellus
2. Which is NOT a female part of the flower?
a. Stigma
b. Style
c. Ovary
d. Stamen
e. Carpel
3. A fruit is a mature
a. Ovary
b. Carpel
c. Ovule
d. Anther
e. Archegonia
4. A plant that uses insects to assist in pollination will most likely be a
a. conifer
c. gymnosperm
b. angiosperm
d. fern
e. moss
5. Which statement about a seed in NOT true?
a. A seed of angiosperms contains endosperm.
b. A seed contains an embryo.
c. Seeds are produced only by angiosperms.
d. Seeds increase the ability of a plant to disperse.
6. Which could a student use to prepare a slide of xylem and phloem tissue?
a. leaf vein
c. stomata
b. chloroplast
d. heartwood
7. Flowering in many plants is dependent upon the
a. average daily temperatures
b. amount of daily rainfall
e. softwood
c. length of uninterrupted darkness
d. length of uninterrupted daylight
8. The purpose of the xylem is to _____.
a. transport water and minerals from shoots to roots
b. transport sugar from sinks to sources.
c. transport sugar from sources to sinks
d. transport water and minerals from roots to shoots
e. Increase root surface area for water and mineral absorption
9. The greatest increase in surface area for absorption in the root is due to _____.
a. formation of a
b. root nodules.
periderm.
c. mycorrhizae.
d. branch roots.
e. root hairs.
10. Which statement about guard cells is FALSE?
a. They contain no chloroplasts.
b. They change shape by an osmotic process.
c. The stomate opens when the guard cells are swollen
d. Guard cells are involved with the process of transpiration.
11. In plants, transpiration pull is a major factor in the transport of
a. water.
b. food.
c. auxin.
d. chlorophyll.
2013
12. In plants, water rises beyond the point supported by the atmospheric pressure mostly because of
a. capillarity.
d. active transport.
b. gravity.
e. the proton pump.
c. evaporation.
13. In the absence of transpiration water moves into and up xylem because of
a. root pressure.
d. high soil mineral concentration.
b. turgor pressure.
e. guttation.
c. evaporation.
14. The pathway of water from the soil through the plant to the atmosphere is best represented by which of the
following sequences?
a. endodermis- cortex - epidermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata.
b. epidermis - cortex - Casparian strip - endodermis - sieve cells - intercellular spaces in the
mesophyll - stomata.
c. Casparian strip - root hairs - epidermis - cortex - xylem - endodermis - intercellular spaces in
mesophyll - stomata.
d. root hairs - cortex - endodermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata.
e. epidermis - endodermis - phloem - cortex of leaf - intercellular spaces of mesophyll - stomata.
15. A plant cell placed in a solution with a higher water potential will _____.
a. gain water and become turgid.
d. gain water and plasmolyze.
b. lose water and become turgid.
e. lose water and crenate.
c. lose water and plasmolyze.
16. A cell has a pressure potential of 0 and a solute potential of -0.7 MPa. What is its water potential?
a. -0.23 MPa
d. 0 MPa
b. Between 0 and -0.7 MPa
e. +0.7 MPa
c. -0.7 MPa
17. If pure water is separated from a 0.1 M solution in an open, U-shaped tube by a membrane impermeable to the
solute, what will happen?
a. All the water will diffuse to the solution side.
b. Water will diffuse to the solution side until the pressure potential due to a higher water column is
equal, but opposite in sign, to the osmotic potential.
c. Solute in the solution will diffuse to the pure water side until equilibrium is reached.
d. Water will move to the 0.1 M solution side until the concentrations are equal on both sides of the
membrane.
e. Water will diffuse toward the solution side until a piston pushes it back at an equal rate.
18. Which of the cells below are involved with bulk flow?
a. tracheids, vessels, and
d. tracheids, vessels, and guard cells
plasmodesmata
e. tracheids, plasmodesmata, and sieve
b. tracheids, vessels, and sieve tubes
tubes
c. guard cells, vessels, and sieve tubes
19. A friend of yours has a terrarium on her windowsill containing various houseplants. She wonders why the glass
is often fogged with water droplets. What would you tell her is the cause of the droplets?
a. Pressure flow
c. Adhesion
e. Transpiration
b. Photosynthesis
d. Root pressure
20. Your favorite spider plant is wilting. What is the most likely cause and remedy for its declining condition?
a. Water potential is too low; apply sugar water
b. The stomata won’t open; no remedy available
c. Plasmolysis of its cells; water the plant
d. Cavitation; perform a xylem vessel bypass
e. Circadian rhythm has stomata closed; place it in bright light
21. The rate of transpiration is expected to be greatest on a _____ day.
a. Cool and dry
b. Cool and moist
c. Warm and dry
d. Warm and moist
e. Windy and cool
22. Which of the following describes how some plants are adapted to arid environments?
a. They have evolved alternatives to the Calvin cycle.
b. They can liberate carbon dioxide stored in intermediate molecules during the night and fix it during
the day even when stomata are closed.
c. They can leave their stomata open even on very hot, dry days.
d. They lose more water to transpiration than C3 plants.
e. All of the listed responses are correct.
23. When referring to phloem transport, the "sink" in roots is created by _____.
a. the active transport of sugars from phloem to root cells
b. the osmosis of water into xylem cells
c. the absorption of water from the soil through epidermal cells
d. the active transport of mineral ions into xylem cells
e. the sugar source
24. What mechanism explains the movement of sucrose from source to sink?
a. Evaporation of water and active transport of sucrose from the sink
b. Osmotic movement of water into the sucrose-loaded sieve-tube cells creating a higher hydrostatic
pressure in the source than in the sink
c. Tension created by the differences in hydrostatic pressure in the source and sink
d. Active transport of sucrose through the sieve-tube members driven by proton pumps
e. The hydrolysis of starch to sucrose in the mesophyll cells that raises their water potential and drives
the bulk flow of sap to the sink
25. In the alternation of generations in plants, _____
a. a sporophyte grows from a spore
b. the spores are produced by the gametophyte by meiosis and cellular differentiation
c. the gametes are produced by the gametophyte through mitosis and cellular differentiation
d. the gametes are produced by the gametophyte through meiosis and cellular differentiation
e. the sporophyte is the haploid generation
26. . The male structures of angiosperms are called _____, and they produce _____.
a. Stigmas…ovules
d. Anthers…pollen
b. Anthers…ovaries
e. Anthers…ovules
c. Ovaries…ovules
27. In the process of pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the _____ to the _____.
a. Carpel…stigma
d. Anther…stigma
b. Ovary…anther
e. Anther…sepal
c. Stigma…ovary
28. Like gymnosperms, many grasses and angiosperm trees are wind-pollinated. To conserve energy, these
angiosperms do not produce complete flowers (complete flowers have all four of the basic parts). Which basic
part would most likely be missing from wind-pollinated angiosperm flowers?
a. Petals
c. Sepals
e. Fruits
b. Ovaries
d. Anthers
29. After fertilization, the _____ develops into a seed and the _____ develops into a fruit.
a. Pollen grain…ovule
d. Ovule…ovary
b. Egg…ovary
e. Ovary…ovule
c. Egg…ovule
30. Which of the following best describes the function of fruits?
a. deterrent to herbivores, stopping them from eating leaves
b. protection from pollinators
c. rewards for pollinators
d. storage of food for the plant to consume through the winter
e. protection and dispersal of seeds
31. In an environment that is very stable, with reliable moisture and temperature, what type of reproduction would
be most advantageous for a plant and why?
a. sexual reproduction, because it will ensure that the most advantageous genes are passed on to the
next generation
b. asexual reproduction, because it increases the genetic variation within the population
c. asexual reproduction, because it ensures that the genes that have proven to adapt the plant well to
the environment will be passed on to the next generation
d. sexual reproduction, because it is always better to increase genetic variation
e. sexual reproduction, because it requires less energy
32. Which of the following is not a method used by some flowering plants to avoid self-fertilization?
a. They have self-incompatibility and reject their own pollen.
b. They discourage pollinators.
c. The physical arrangement of stamens and carpels makes self-fertilization unlikely.
d. Most plant species are dioecious.
e. Stamens and carpels on the same plant mature at different times.
33. Double fertilization means that
a. Flowers must be pollinated twice to yield fruits and seeds.
b. Every egg must receive two sperm to produce an embryo.
c. One sperm is needed to fertilize the egg, and a second sperm is needed to fertilize the polar nuclei.
d. The egg of the embryo sac is diploid.
e. Every sperm has two nuclei.
34. The pollen produced by wind-pollinated plants is often smaller than the pollen produced by animal-pollinated
plants. A reason for this might be that
a. Wind-pollinated plants, in general, are smaller than animal-pollinated plants.
b. Wind-pollinated plants release pollen in the spring, before the plant has stored enough energy to
make large pollen grains.
c. Small pollen grains can be carried farther by the wind.
d. Animal pollinators are more facile at picking up large pollen grains.
e. Wind-pollinated flowers don’t need large pollen grains because they don’t have to attract animal
pollinators.
35. You are interested in determining what part of a plant is actually sensitive to light for phototropism. A good first
experiment would be to _____.
a. try light treatments of different colors (first blue, then yellow, then green) to see which promotes
flowering the fastest
b. shine light from one side only. Then measure the auxin diffusing down the stem on the light and the
shaded sides
c. remove the apical meristem and apply auxin before beginning light treatments
d. spray auxin on just one part of the plant at a time to determine which one stimulates flowering
e. cover one part (for instance, the tip or base) before beginning light treatments
36. A graduate student growing plant cells in a laboratory dish wants them to _____; therefore, the student treats
them with cytokinins.
a. Become dormant
d. Establish mycorrhizal associations
b. Grow roots
e. Enlarge
c. Divide
37. Which of the following situations would stimulate the development of the axillary buds?
a. A large amount of auxin traveling down from the shoot and a small amount of cytokinin traveling up
from the roots
b. A small amount of auxin traveling down from the shoot and a large amount of cytokinin traveling up
from the roots
c. An equal ratio of gibberellins to auxin
d. The absence of cytokinins caused by the removal of the terminal bud
e. An infusion of ABS from a neighboring plant
38. In shoots, branching is inhibited by _____ from the tip of a growing shoot, but this effect is countered by _____
from the roots.
a. Auxin…abscisic acid
d. Gibberellins…ethylene
b. Auxin…cytokinins
e. Gibberellins…abscisic acid
c. Cytokinins…auxin
39. As leaf lettuce matures, a tall flowering shoot extends beyond the basal edible leaves. After the plant bolts like
this, it no longer produces broad, tasty leaves. Suppose you want to prevent bolting so that you can harvest
lettuce longer. You may want to prevent the plant from synthesizing _____.
a. Ethylene
d. Cytokinins
b. Brassinosteroids
e. Abscisic acid
c. Gibberellins
40. Seeds of many desert plants will not germinate until a heavy rain washes away their _____.
e. Gibberellins
a. Abscisic acid
c. Phytoalexins
b. Auxin
d. Phytochrome
41. Some seeds require light for germination. This process is controlled by the phytochrome system. Of the
following germination treatments, which would inhibit germination of such seeds?
a. red light and far-red light together, followed by red light only
b. green light followed by red light
c. far-red light followed by red light
d. exposure of seeds to red light followed by far-red light
e. exposure of seeds to only red light
42. An Alaskan trapper worried about being attacked by grizzly bears left the lights on in his cabin all the time.
Plants just outside the cabin flowered a month early. Which of the following best explains this?
a. It was due to phototropism.
d. They must have been long-night plants.
b. They must have been long-day plants.
e. The lights must have emitted far-red
c. They must have been short-day plants.
light.
43. Inhibiting the growth of shallow roots is a response of plants to _____.
a. Heat stress
c. Water deficits
b. Salt stress
d. Oxygen deprivation
e. Herbivory
44. Which of the following describes a plant's response to heat stress?
a. production of heat-shock proteins and closing of stomata
b. production of heat-shock proteins, closing of stomata, and altering the lipid composition of their
membranes
c. closing of stomata
d. production of heat-shock proteins
e. production of abscisic acid
45. Plant defenses against the herbivores that feed on them include _____.
a. physical defenses, such as thorns and spines
b. poisons such as canavanine
c. distasteful compounds
d. chemicals that mimic insect hormones and cause developmental malformations in insects that eat
them
e. All of the listed responses are correct
Free Response Practice Questions: Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Be sure to label all parts
of the question!
1. In the life cycle of a fern and a flowering plant, compare and contrast each of the following:
A. The gametophyte generation
B. Sperm transport and fertilization
C. Embryo protection
2. Trace the pathway in a flowering plant as the water moves from the soil through the tissues of the root, stem,
and leaves to the atmosphere. Explain the mechanisms involved in conducting water through these tissues.
3. Plants have a variety of mechanisms for obtaining nutrients. Describe TWO plant structures and explain how
each structure is utilized in nutrient uptake.
4. While studying transpiration, a scientist used a dendrometer to record the small daily changes in the diameter of
a tree trunk at two different heights (2 meter and 3 meters) above the ground at the same time. The diameter
decreased in the daytime. This decrease happened first at the higher location. Discuss the following in relation
to water movement in plants.
a. Identify how two different environmental factors could be involved in the daily fluctuations shown above.
b. Discuss the mechanisms involved in the uptake and transport of water by vascular plants.
5. Describe the effects of plant hormones on plant growth and development. Design an experiment to demonstrate
the effect of one of these plant hormones on plant growth and development.