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Transcript
Biology 11 Mrs. Garrison CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Circulatory System Function Blood Plasma – Cells – Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Organs Heart - Arteries – 1 Veins – Capillaries – General blood flow pattern through body Heart ---> arteries ---> arterioles ---> capillaries ---> venules ---> veins ---> heart Vessels branch into capillaries in every organ Specific flow pattern between heart, lungs and body: Deoxygenated blood from body ---> superior & inferior vena cavae (veins) ---> right atrium of heart ---> right AV (tricuspid) valve ---> right ventricle of heart ---> right semilunar valve ---> pulmonary artery ---> lungs (where vessels branch into arterioles, capillaries for gas exchange, then venules) ---> newly oxygenated blood in pulmonary veins---> left atrium of heart ---> left AV (bicuspid or mitral) valve ---> left ventricle of heart ---> Left semilunar valve ---> aorta ---> body tissues (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules) ---> deoxygenated blood in body’s veins Heartbeat Automatic for heart muscle Regulated by sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker) Electrical current passed from SA node through cells of right & left atria to atrioventricular (AV) node in lower right atrium Current causes simultaneous contraction of right & left atria Current passes from AV node through fibers in Bundle of His to cardiac muscle cells in right & left ventricles Current cause simultaneous contraction of right & left ventricles Delay as current travels from SA node to Av node results in ventricle contracting just after atria 2 Delay is necessary for blood to move from atria to ventricles Involuntary nervous system can affect SA node and cause increase or decrease in heart rate Average heart rate Cardiac output Heartbeats Systole Diastole Heart valves Blood flow through vessels Arteries - surging flow Capillaries - smooth flow, one cell at a time Veins - smooth flow Skeletal milking Respiratory pumping 3 Blood pressure - taken in artery Systolic pressure Diastolic pressure Constriction and dilation of vessels 4