Download Human Body Review Part II | Blood, The Immune

Name: __________________________________________________ Date: _______________________ Period:___________ Human Body Review Part II | Blood, The Immune System, & Technology Blood 1. Fill in the following concept map: 6. What is the Rh factor? A blood protein (antigen), that people either have, or they don’t. c. If you DON’T have the Rh factor who a. If you have the Rh factor who can you can you donate to? + & ‐ donate to? Rh‐ (negative) blood types. b. Receive from? Rh‐ & + blood types. Whole Blood
d. Receive from? ‐ Is composed mainly of
RBC’s Platelets WBC’s
Plasma
Which is composed of
Is composed of an Helps form clots that O2 carrying protein control bleeding Minerals, Vitamins, Water hemoglobin Glucose, Amino Acids, Hormones, Allows materials to dissolve
Salts, Waste 2. What is the role of red blood cells? Transport oxygen (O2) to cells, carry CO2 away from cells. 8. The Red Cross called Ramona to see if she would donate blood (her blood type is A+). If she decides to donate, which blood type(s) can she donate her blood to? A+, AB+. a. If Romina were to need a blood transfusion, which blood type(s) could she receive? A+, A‐, O+, O‐. 9. Lucca is having surgery to repair his torn ACL. Usually a blood transfusion is not necessary, but doctors always need to be prepared. He found out that his blood type is B‐. If he were to need a transfusion what blood type(s) could he receive? B‐, O‐ a. After Luca’s surgery he found out that he could donate blood to help others who are also having surgery. Who could he donate to? B+, B‐, AB+, AB‐ 10. Sue is blood type O‐ and has been told she could save many lives by donating. She doesn’t know how 3. What is the role of white blood cells? To fight pathogens. many different blood types she can donate to…can you help? What blood types can Sue donate to? 4. What is the role of platelets? Help stop bleeding by forming clots. O+, O‐, A+, A‐, B+, B‐, AB+, AB‐ a. What do they release as a positive feedback loop? Clotting factors, such as fibrin. a. Because of this, Sue is considered a universal donor. 11. What is the immune system response when somebody is given the wrong blood type? Antibodies 5. Compare and contrast: Antigens Antibodies
Marker found on cells, identifies the cells as being natural or foreign. Like the “uniform”. Protein Function in immunity. Found in plasma.
attach the foreign blood, causing it to clump or clot. This could be fatal. Pathogens and Human Illness 12. Match the following pathogen with the correct description: e. Parasite Attack foreign invaders by attaching and clumping them (phagocytes eat those marked). a. Bacteria b. Virus d. Protist Made from B cells. c. Fungi a. Single‐celled organisms that cause illness by releasing toxic chemicals that kill cells b. Genetic material surrounded by a protein coat, forcing host cells to produce more of them. c. Are either multicellular or single‐celled; they take nutrients from host cells by piercing their membranes. d. Single‐celled organism that use host cells to complete their life cycles. e. Organism that grows on/in a host and feeds off it.
13. Fill in the concept map: 18. What type of immunity is transferred or occurs without an immune response? passive a. Examples: genetics, mother’s milk. Something that causes disease
19. What type of immunity occurs when a pathogen enters the body? active Spread by Spread by
Pathogen Direct Contact Indirect contact
Examples:
Examples: • Kissing. • Breathing infected air. • Shaking hands. • Touching an infected surface. • Sexual intercourse. Immunity and Technology 21. Fill in the concept map: Method to control & fight pathogens
Antiseptics
Kills pathogens found
Examples:
Outside the body • Soap • Hand sanitizer • Hydrogen peroxide Antibiotics
Kills pathogens found
E 14. What is a vector? Something that transmits pathogens to healthy cells. a. Example: insects (mosquitoes, ticks, etc.) b. Example: food Immune System 15. Fill in the chart: Tissue or Body System Skin Mucus Membrane Circulatory System How it Protects the Body from Infection
Physical barrier
Trap pathogens
b. T Cells: kill infected body cells. c. B Cells: produce antibodies to attack foreign invaders. Memory cells stay behind in case the pathogen returns. 17. Match the following immune system proteins with the correct description: b. Complement Proteins a.
a. Antibodies b.
c.
c. Interferons Over use can cause: Antibiotic resistance Inside the body (specific to bacteria and some fungi) Which means…
The antibiotics are no longer effective in killing the bacteria 22. True or False (Circle One): Antibiotics target one specific pathogen, while antiseptics do not. Transport immune cells & proteins
16. What is the job of the following white blood cells: a. Phagocyte: Surrounds and engulfs invaders (phagocytosis). a. What does this prevent in the future? The pathogen from infecting again. 20. What type of immunity occurs after you are given a vaccine? aquired Proteins made by B cells that cause pathogens to become inactive. Proteins that weaken the cell membrane. Protein that prevent viruses from reproducing and infecting healthy cells. 23. Put the following mixed up steps of how vaccines provide immunity in the correct order: a. 2 Causes memory B cells to be produced. b. 4 The fast response allows a person to not get sick. c. 3 Allows immune system to respond quickly to infection. d. 1 Stimulates a specific immune response.