Download Tobacco mosaic virus is viruses that cause disease in

Tobacco mosaic virus
Group:
Genus:
Spesies:
Strain:
Kelompok IV ( (+) ssRNA )
Tobamovirus
Tobacco mosaic virus
Vulgare
Tobacco mosaic virus is viruses that cause disease in tobacco and Solanaceae. Photos
taken by an electron microscope shows TMV shaped is bar with height 200 nm – 0.000008
inches. Viruses are different trom fungi and bacteria, they do not produce spores or other
structures that can penetrate the plant parts. Since the virus does not have an active
method to get into the plant cells, causing them to rely on mechanical injury, vegetative
plant propagation, grafting, seeds, pollen, and is being conducted at the mouth of chewing
insects.* Most tobacco has this disease, if they are working on planting tomatoes smoking
or chewing tobacco, then they are the ones that transmit plant with TMV. Virus
transmitted mechanically, by the hands of the workers, livestock, or farming tools. The
virus is not transmitted by insects. In addition to tobacco, the virus also can stayed the
plant remains sick for 4 months. Virus jug adapt to survive from season to season on weeds
included Solanaceae, such as amethyst and ceplukan.
After the virus enters the host, it begins to multiply by inducing the host cells to form more viruses.
Generally there are two ways that viruses infect cells by lytic and lysogenic. Tobacco Mosaic Virus
infect cells by lysogenic. In this cycle, the phage that infects not cause lysis of the host cell. Lysogenic
cycle stages:
1. Adsorption (attachment)
2. penetration
3. incorporation
4. replication.**
TMV does not cause disease by killing cells but by taking over the process of cell metabolism,
resulting in abnormal cell function. Symptoms of the virus are yellow blotches on the leaves of tobacco,
which can inhibit the growth of tobacco leaves. TMV sometimes also disturbing conception, delayed
ripening fruit, causing the fruit color and size is not standard. In other hand, the symptoms are very
dependent on the age of the infected plant, environmental conditions, viral strain, and genetic
background of the host plant, temperature, light conditions, nutritional factors, and water stress.*
Until now there is no efficient chemical treatments that protect the parts of the plant virus
infection. The following are ways to prevent or manage the disease :
1. Do not smoke while working on planting tomatoes, especially when working in the nursery and
when moving plants. At this time the workers can transmit the virus to many plants, and
infection of the young plants will suppress production partner. Although the virus attached to
the hand can not completely lost in the wash, but wash your hands with soap or detergent to
greatly reduce the infection.
2. Nursery premises inspected carefully, remove the seeds are sick in order not to be a source of
infection. Around the nursery in the clear of weeds, especially weeds that may be host of the
tribe of such Solanaceae.
3. Diusahankan plants, especially those who are younger are not too many in the hold and not hold
too hard, for example, when say your plants and cut time.
4. Cross protection or premunisasi. Ditulasi plants with a weak strain of the virus to protect against
strong strain of virus infection (Sulyo, 1988 in Semangun 2007). Hiruki (1980) in Canada proved
that tomato plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus inactivated (heated to a temperature of
35 º C for 15 days in the tobacco rod) protected from a virulent viral infection.***
* http://damayanticho.blogspot.com/2010/07/tobacco-mosaic-virus.html
** http://makalahcasini.blogspot.com/2010/03/virus.html?zx=17480d159e119a95
*** http://agrotekuinsgdbandung.blogspot.com/2012/08/virus-mosaik-tembakau.html
Recommended book : Virus Taxonomy: VIIIth Report of the International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses[Hardcover] Claude M. Fauquet (Editor), M.A.
Mayo (Editor), J. Maniloff (Editor), U. Desselberger (Editor), L.A.
Ball (Editor).