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Tobacco mosaic virus Group: Genus: Spesies: Strain: Kelompok IV ( (+) ssRNA ) Tobamovirus Tobacco mosaic virus Vulgare Tobacco mosaic virus is viruses that cause disease in tobacco and Solanaceae. Photos taken by an electron microscope shows TMV shaped is bar with height 200 nm – 0.000008 inches. Viruses are different trom fungi and bacteria, they do not produce spores or other structures that can penetrate the plant parts. Since the virus does not have an active method to get into the plant cells, causing them to rely on mechanical injury, vegetative plant propagation, grafting, seeds, pollen, and is being conducted at the mouth of chewing insects.* Most tobacco has this disease, if they are working on planting tomatoes smoking or chewing tobacco, then they are the ones that transmit plant with TMV. Virus transmitted mechanically, by the hands of the workers, livestock, or farming tools. The virus is not transmitted by insects. In addition to tobacco, the virus also can stayed the plant remains sick for 4 months. Virus jug adapt to survive from season to season on weeds included Solanaceae, such as amethyst and ceplukan. After the virus enters the host, it begins to multiply by inducing the host cells to form more viruses. Generally there are two ways that viruses infect cells by lytic and lysogenic. Tobacco Mosaic Virus infect cells by lysogenic. In this cycle, the phage that infects not cause lysis of the host cell. Lysogenic cycle stages: 1. Adsorption (attachment) 2. penetration 3. incorporation 4. replication.** TMV does not cause disease by killing cells but by taking over the process of cell metabolism, resulting in abnormal cell function. Symptoms of the virus are yellow blotches on the leaves of tobacco, which can inhibit the growth of tobacco leaves. TMV sometimes also disturbing conception, delayed ripening fruit, causing the fruit color and size is not standard. In other hand, the symptoms are very dependent on the age of the infected plant, environmental conditions, viral strain, and genetic background of the host plant, temperature, light conditions, nutritional factors, and water stress.* Until now there is no efficient chemical treatments that protect the parts of the plant virus infection. The following are ways to prevent or manage the disease : 1. Do not smoke while working on planting tomatoes, especially when working in the nursery and when moving plants. At this time the workers can transmit the virus to many plants, and infection of the young plants will suppress production partner. Although the virus attached to the hand can not completely lost in the wash, but wash your hands with soap or detergent to greatly reduce the infection. 2. Nursery premises inspected carefully, remove the seeds are sick in order not to be a source of infection. Around the nursery in the clear of weeds, especially weeds that may be host of the tribe of such Solanaceae. 3. Diusahankan plants, especially those who are younger are not too many in the hold and not hold too hard, for example, when say your plants and cut time. 4. Cross protection or premunisasi. Ditulasi plants with a weak strain of the virus to protect against strong strain of virus infection (Sulyo, 1988 in Semangun 2007). Hiruki (1980) in Canada proved that tomato plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus inactivated (heated to a temperature of 35 º C for 15 days in the tobacco rod) protected from a virulent viral infection.*** * http://damayanticho.blogspot.com/2010/07/tobacco-mosaic-virus.html ** http://makalahcasini.blogspot.com/2010/03/virus.html?zx=17480d159e119a95 *** http://agrotekuinsgdbandung.blogspot.com/2012/08/virus-mosaik-tembakau.html Recommended book : Virus Taxonomy: VIIIth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses[Hardcover] Claude M. Fauquet (Editor), M.A. Mayo (Editor), J. Maniloff (Editor), U. Desselberger (Editor), L.A. Ball (Editor).