Download CH 20/35 STUDY GUIDE – Virus, Bacteria, and Infectious Diseases

WLHS/Biology/Oppelt
Name _________________________
CH 20/35 STUDY GUIDE – Virus, Bacteria, and Infectious Diseases
CH 20 & 35 ASSESSMENT - MULTIPLE CHOICE (see end of chapters)
CH 20: Mult. Choice (p. 596-598)
CH 35 Mult. Choice (p. 1030-1032)
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CH 20 & 35 “Standardized Test Prep” - MULTIPLE CHOICE (see end of chapters)
CH 20: Mult. Choice (p. 599)
CH 35: Mult. Choice (p. 1033)
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10) Read / answer!
1. What is a virus composed of? Describe what a virus looks like (size, shapes, structure, etc…)
2. Are viruses considered:
LIVING or NONLIVING?
(circle one)
Explain: __________________________________________________________________________
3. Summarize the steps of the 2 viral replication cycles: the LYTIC CYCLE and the LYSOGENIC CYCLE.
LYTIC CYCLE:
LYSOGENIC CYCLE:
4. What is a retrovirus? Give an example.
5. What are 3 ways to protect yourself from viral infections?
a. ___________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________
7. Describe how a vaccine works.
8. How are bacteria different from viruses?
9. Describe the two ways bacteria can reproduce.
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b._______________________________________________________________________
10. How can bacteria be “good” and “bad”?
11 Describe two ways that bacteria cause the symptoms of disease (disease mechanisms):
a.______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
12. Identify 5 ways people control bacterial growth.
13. Define PATHOGEN: _____________________________________________________________
Give two examples of a pathogen: __________________________________________________
14. Describe 4 ways pathogens/diseases are spread.
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b._______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
d._______________________________________________________________________
15. Match the following terms with the correct description of Nonspecific Defenses.
Terms:
cilia, fever, inflammatory response, mucus, skin, interferon, histamines
Term
Description
Traps pathogens in the nose and throat
Increases body temperature to slow the growth of pathogens
Inhibits the making of viral proteins and helps block viral replication
Push pathogens away from lungs
Chemicals that increase blood flow to tissues
Barrier that stops pathogens from entering the body
Increases flow of white blood cells and fluids to an area
16. What are antibodies? Describe their form and function.
17. What are antigens and their role in immunity?
18. Complete the following statements on Specific Defenses by writing in the correct word (s) using the work banks
below.
Word bank: Anitbodies, antigen, antigens, B Lymphocytes/ B cells, genes, immune, lymphocytes, T
lymphocytes/ T cells
a. The _______________________ response is the body’s response to specific invaders.
b. A substance that triggers the immune response is known as a (n) _____________________.
c. The main role of ___________________ is to tag ________________ for destruction by immune-system cells.
d. The main working cells of the immune system are two types of ___________________. Their specific types
are determined by a person’s _____________________.
e. _________________________________ discover antigens in body fluids
f. __________________________________ defends the body against pathogens that have infected body cells.
19. Compare and contrast the humoral immune response and the cell-mediated immune response. (how do they
start? what are the main events? what are the cells involved in each?)
20. It is not always easy to determine if a patient has a bacterial infection or a viral infection. How could this
contribute to the misuse of medications?
21. Compare active immunity and passive immunity. List how one acquires each one naturally and artificially.
Give an example of each.
ACTIVE IMMUNITY:
PASSIVE IMMUNITY:
22. Discuss 3 ways to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
a. ___________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________
23. a. What is an emerging disease? _____________________________________________________
b. Describe why we are seeing a re-emergence of diseases that were once completely gone.
24. What are allergies?
25. Describe what autoimmunity is and give an example.
26. What is HIV? How does it infect humans? (which cells are targeted? what happens to infected individuals?)
My child has studied this study guide for at least 20 minutes (2 bonus points)
_____________________________________________
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