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Name: DNA Activity Structure of DNA Nucleotides Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a complex molecule found in all living organisms. Two important molecules which make up DNA are deoxyribose and phosphoric acid. Their models and structural formulas are shown below: Deoxyribose Phosphate Use the figures from above to answer the following questions. Record your answers on your answer sheet. 1. Give the simple formula for a. Deoxyribose C b. Phosphoric Acid H H O P O 2. What type of molecule is Deoxyribose? 3. Which chemical group does phosphoric acid contain? In addition there are four different molecules called bases. Their structural formulas and models are shown below: 4. Of the 4 bases, which other base does adenine most resemble in shape? 5. Of the 4 bases, which other base does thymine most resemble in shape? A molecule of deoxyribose joins with phosphoric acid and any one of the 4 bases to form a chemical compound called a nucleotide. 6. List the 4 different nucleotides: 7. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Structure of a DNA Molecule 8. Cut out the 8 nucleotide molecules provided by your teacher. CUT ONLY ON SOLID LINES. Fit 4 nucleotides together to form a column in the following sequence from top to bottom: Cytosine Thymine Guanine Adenine Let this arrangement represent the left half of a ladder molecule. 9. If DNA is “ladderlike” which 2 molecules of a nucleotide form the sides or upright portion of the ladder? 10. To which molecule does each base attach? 11. Name the molecules (general name) of each nucleotide that form part of the ladder’s rungs Complete the right side of the DNA ladder by matching the bases of other nucleotides to form complete rungs. (It may be necessary to turn molecules upside down in order to join certain base combinations.) 12. What base pairs with Cytosine? 13. What base pairs with Thymine? 14. If the following were bases on the left side of a DNA molecule, write the bases that would complement on the right: Thymine Adenine Guanine Guanine Cytosine 15. What base is different in Ribonucleic acid (RNA)? Paste a picture of your constructed DNA molecule below:
