Download Cardiovascular Test - Student Review with Answers

Principles of Health Science - Review Answers -Cardiovascular System Test
Name: _______________________________ Date: __________ Block: _______
Be able to match these terms with their definition:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Heart valves: located between the atria and ventricles; provides one-way flow of blood
Aort/o: aorta
Arteries: carry blood away from the heart
Capillaries: nutrient and gas exchange
Septum: divides the heart into right and left sides
Peri: around
Heartbeat: cardiac cycle
Brady: slower than normal
My/o: muscle
Bicuspid Valve: located on the left side of the heart
Tachy: faster than normal
Veins: carry blood back to the heart
Systole: contraction of the heart chambers
Tricuspid Valve: located on the right side of the heart
Diastole: relaxation of the heart chambers
Thromb/o: clot
–cyt: cell
Steth/o: chest
–ac: pertaining to
–rrhexis: rupture
Angi/o: blood vessel
Ech/o: sound
–sclerosis: hardening
–penia: abnormal reduction in number
phelb/o: vein
Know the three layers of the heart:
1. Epicardium
2. Myocardium
3. Endocardium
Know the three types of circulation:
1. Pulmonary
2. Coronary
3. Systemic
What is the “pacemaker” of the heart? SA Node
Know the four chambers of the heart:
1. Right Atrium
2. Right Ventricle
3. Left Atrium
4. Left Ventricle
What is an Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)? The recording of electrical changes that happen in the myocardium during a
cardiac cycle
What is Hemophilia? An inherited clotting disorder caused by a deficiency in a clotting factor
What is Atherosclerosis? Caused by a build-up of plaque, mainly cholesterol, under the inner lining of the arteries
What are Hemorrhoids? Caused by the valves in the vein becoming weak
What is the procedure known as Angioplasty? Threading a long tube through an arm or leg vessel to where the blocked
artery is located; inflating the balloon; forcing the vessel open
What is Hypertension? High blood pressure; consistently higher than 130/80
What is Phlebitis? Inflammation of a vein; might lead to a blood clot. If the clot would dislodge, this could cause death.
What is a Heart Attack? Also called a Myocardial Infarction (MI); when the flow of oxygen-rich blood becomes blocked
to a section of the heart muscle; the window of opportunity is vital to the patient’s survival.
What is a Stroke? Also called a Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA); an embolus lodges in a cerebral blood vessel or a
cerebral blood vessel bursts; due to a lack of oxygen, a portion of it dies.
What is Plasma? 90-92% water; makes up 55% of your blood volume
Three Components of Formed Elements- makes up 45% of your blood volume:
A. Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells/RBC’s) – transport oxygen; life span is 120 days
B. Leukocytes – (White Blood Cells/WBC’s) defend against infection/diseases
C. Platelets (Thrombocytes) – clotting of blood; life span is 10 days
How many blood types? List them:
4 types: A, B, AB, and O
Universal Recipient: AB
Universal Donor: O
 If the students turn in their review, totally completed, they may obtain a 5-point bonus on the Test!