Download UNIT 6 TELLING TALES

ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
UNIT 6!
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TELLING TALES!
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Previous Knowledge!
Passive voice in Present Simple and Past Simple.!
Have/get something done in Present Simple and Present Continuous.!
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Aims!
Passive voice in all tenses and with modal verbs.!
Have/get something done in all tenses and with modal verbs.!
Vocabulary about travelling.!
Telling a story.!
Writing a narrative.!
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INTRO!
Marco Tempest: A magical tale (with augmented reality)!
(from TED Talks, http://www.ted.com/talks/marco_tempest_a_magical_tale_with_augmented_reality.html)!
Marco Tempest tells a beautiful story of what magic is, how it entertains us and how it highlights our
humanity -- all while working extraordinary illusions with his hands and an augmented reality machine.!
A magician and illusionist for the 21st century, Marco Tempest mixes the latest technology with the
showmanship of Houdini.!
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Vocabulary!
fingers crossed _________________________!!
deception ____________________________! !
willing ___________________________!
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juggle (V) ____________________________! !
defy (V) __________________________!
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twist (N) ____________________________!
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achievement __________________________! !
campfire ___________________________!
melding ____________________________!
deceive (V) ___________________________!
faith ___________________________!
overcome (V) __________________________!
(happy) ending _________________________!
flip (V) __________________________!
sleight of hand __________________________!
!!
!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
Now watch the video.!
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Passive voice!
Look at these sentences from the video and pay attention to the expressions in bold.!
To enjoy being deceived, an audience must first suspend its disbelief.!
There are tales of creation and loss, death and resurrection, and obstacles that must be overcome.!
The audience is led to make assumptions or elaborations that are perfectly reasonable, but do not, in
fact, match what is being done in front of them.!
It’s fun to be fooled.!
One of the key qualities of all stories is that they're made to be shared.!
We connect events and emotions and instinctively transform them into a sequence that can be easily
understood.!
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READING!
Read the following text.!
THE REAL PRINCESS, adapted from the classic tale by Hans Christian Andersen!
There was once a prince, and he wanted a princess, but then she must be a real Princess. He travelled
right round the world to find one, but there was always something wrong. There were plenty of
princesses, but whether they were real princesses he had great difficulty in discovering; there was always
something which was not quite right about them. So at last he had to come home again, and he was very
sad because he wanted a real princess so badly.!
One evening there was a terrible storm; it thundered and lightened and the rain poured down in torrents;
indeed it was a fearful night.!
In the middle of the storm somebody knocked at the town gate, and the old King himself went to open it.!
It was a princess who stood outside, but she was in a terrible state from the rain and the storm. The water
fell down her hair and her clothes; it ran in at the top of her shoes and out at the heel, but she said that
she was a real princess.!
'If that is true will soon be seen,' thought the old Queen, but she said nothing. She went into the bedroom,
took all the bedclothes off and laid a pea on the bed: then she took twenty mattresses and piled them on
the top of the pea, and then twenty feather beds on the top of the mattresses. This was where the
princess had to sleep that night. In the morning she was asked how she had slept.!
'Oh terribly badly!' said the princess. 'I have hardly closed my eyes the whole night! Heaven knows what
was in the bed. I seemed to be lying upon some hard thing, and my whole body is black and blue this
morning. It is terrible!'!
They saw at once that she must be a real princess when the pea had been felt through twenty mattresses
and twenty feather beds. Nobody but a real princess could have such a delicate skin.!
So she was taken by the prince to be his wife, for now he was sure that a real princess had been found,
and the pea was put into the Museum, where it may still be seen if no one has stolen it.!
Now this is a true story.!
!
Change the following passive expressions from the text into active.!
'If that is true will soon be seen.’!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
In the morning she was asked how she had slept.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
The pea had been felt through twenty mattresses and twenty feather beds.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
So she was taken by the prince to be his wife.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
He was sure that a real princess had been found.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
The pea was put into the Museum, where it may still be seen if no one has stolen it.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
GRAMMAR 1!
Passive voice!
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The passive voice is made with the verb to be in the same tense as in the active voice + past participle of
the verb.!
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They make wonderful cars in Japan.!
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Wonderful cars are made in Japan.!
The passive voice is much more common in English than in Spanish. We use the passive voice when we
want to emphasize the action and the object, rather than the subject.!
The subject in the active voice becomes the agent in the passive voice, introduced by the preposition by.
The passive subject is often omitted, when it is not clear who or what the subject is or when it is not
important. The agent is only present when it is important.!
!
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Don Quixote was written by Cervantes.!
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EXERCISES!
Change the sentences into the passive voice.!
They sell nice clothes in that shop.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
Cervantes wrote Don Quixote.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
Has anybody brought food?!
________________________________________________________________________________!
Will they build the shopping centre here?!
________________________________________________________________________________!
Somebody would finish the job if the headmaster said so.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
People speak German in this area.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
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Translate the following sentences into English.!
Aquí se habla italiano.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
Se hace mucho vino en España.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
El centro comercial será abierto el lunes.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
¿Se traerá comida?!
________________________________________________________________________________!
Aquel cuadro fue pintado por Velázquez.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
El coche está siendo arreglado.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
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Verbs with two objects!
When the active verb has two objects, either the indirect or the direct object can be the passive subject.
The indirect object is more common as the passive subject.!
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They will offer me a good job.!
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I will be offered a good job. / A good job will be offered to me.!
Verbs that can be used with this structure: give, send, show, lend, ask, tell, offer, order, pay.!
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They weren’t lent the money by the bank.!
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I was shown all the bedrooms in the house.!
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He was told to stay there.!
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She would be paid a lot of money if she finished the job.!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
EXERCISES!
Change the sentences into the passive voice with the indirect object as passive subject.!
They paid her less money this time.!
______________________________________________________________________________!
They are going to send her a box of chocolates.!
______________________________________________________________________________!
Have they paid you a lot of money?!
______________________________________________________________________________!
Someone told me a beautiful story.!
______________________________________________________________________________!
They will offer him a good job.!
______________________________________________________________________________!
They didn't lend me any money.!
______________________________________________________________________________!
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Other uses of the passive voice!
With some verbs like believe, know, think, report, say, etc., we can form two types of passive sentences.!
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Experts believe that this coin is from the 13th century.!
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It is believed that this coin is from the 13th century.!
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This coin is believed to be from the 13th century.!
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People say that the house belongs to Jim.!
It is said that the house belongs to Jim.!
The house is said to belong to Jim.!
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People thought that the thief had escaped.!
It was thought that the thief had escaped.!
The thief was thought to have escaped.!
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EXERCISES!
Rewrite these sentences without changing the meaning.!
It is believed that that book belonged to Sir Winston Churchill.!
That book _______________________________________________________________________!
It is said that a rich man lived in the castle.!
A rich man _______________________________________________________________________!
It is known that Japanese people live long.!
Japanese people _________________________________________________________________!
It is expected that Spain will win the World Cup.!
Spain ___________________________________________________________________________!
It is thought that he was killed by his brother.!
He _____________________________________________________________________________!
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Passive voice with modal verbs!
Modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to.!
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He should eat.!
If it is a perfect infinitive, the modal verb is followed by have + past participle.!
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He should have eaten.!
If we are using the passive voice, they will be followed by be + past participle or have been + past
participle.!
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He should be followed by a police officer.!
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He should have been followed by a police officer.!
The same rules apply for semi-modals like need and other expressions like be able to or have to.!
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This room has to be cleaned.!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
EXERCISES!
Write the following sentences in the passive.!
We mustn't leave the fish outside the fridge.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
He has to translate this document into French.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
We ought to finish our homework today.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
She must buy her ticket by tomorrow at ten.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
I needn't close my suitcase yet.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
Doctors can't cure that terrible illness.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
We should tell the police immediately.!
_________________________________________________________________________________!
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Complete the sentences with modal perfect passive form of the verbs in brackets.!
There is no coach to Barcelona. It _____________________ (must cancel).!
The milk is frozen. It __________________________ (must leave) in the freezer.!
John is late for work. He ________________________ (might catch) in a traffic jam.!
Your homework ____________________________ (ought to finish) yesterday.!
The whole project ____________________________ (should complete) two days ago.!
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Passive verbs with a particle!
Some verbs are followed by a particle that must be kept in the passive voice.!
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They've listened to your CD thousands of times.!
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Your CD has been listened to thousands of times.!
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They threw away their old books.!
Their old books were thrown away.!
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He did what they asked for.!
He did what was asked for.!
EXERCISES!
Write the following sentences in the passive voice.!
They picked up flowers.!
______________________________________________________________________!
The boss sent for him.!
______________________________________________________________________!
The girls paid for our meal.!
______________________________________________________________________!
They will turn down your offer.!
______________________________________________________________________!
The firemen are putting off the fire.!
______________________________________________________________________!
!!
!!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
VOCABULARY!
Travelling!
TRAVEL - AIR!
Match the following words to their definitions.!
!
check-in, fly, land, landing, plane, take-off, take off!
A place where you report your arrival at an airport. ________________________!
If a plane, bird, or insect __________________, it moves safely down onto the ground.!
A vehicle that flies in the air and has wings and at least one engine. ______________________!
To travel by plane. ___________________!
The action of bringing an aircraft down to the ground after being in the air. ____________________!
The time when a plane leaves the ground and begins to fly. _______________________!
If an aircraft _____________________, it rises into the air from the ground.!
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TRAVEL - HOLIDAYS!
Match the following words to their definitions.!
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baggage, camp, cruise, luggage, sightseeing, suitcase, tour!
A journey for pleasure, during which you visit several different towns, areas etc. __________________!
To set up a tent or shelter and stay there for a short time. _____________________!
The cases, bags, boxes etc carried by someone who is travelling. ____________________!
A large case with a handle, used for carrying clothes and possessions when you travel. ______________!
A holiday on a large ship. ___________________!
When you visit famous or interesting places, especially as tourists. ____________________!
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Phrasal verbs II!
Phrasal verbs with go!
Complete the sentences with the following verbs:!
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go off, go on, go away, go ahead, go by, go back!
They've decided to ____________________ with plans to build 50 new houses on the site.!
_____________________ and leave me alone!!
The building __________________ to Roman times.!
Things will get easier as time ___________________ .!
The bomb ___________________ at 6.30 this morning.!
He __________________ working until he was 91.!
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Phrasal verbs with take!
Complete the sentences with the following verbs:!
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take up, take back, take after, take out, take over, take off!
Jenni really ____________________ her mother.!
You'd better ____________________ that remark!!
He sat on the bed to _____________ his boots ___________ .!
We're ____________ my parents __________ for a meal next week.!
My reason for investing in the company is to ______________ it ____________ .!
That software ____________________ a lot of memory in the computer.!
!!
PRONUNCIATION!
/ʊ/!
This sound can be represented by the following letters:!
-u- : as in put, full, sugar!
-o- : as in wolf, woman!
-oo- : as in good, book, wood, wool!
-ou- : as in could, would, should!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
!
/uː/!
This sound can be represented by the following letters:!
-o- : as in do, who, move, lose!
-oo- : as in food, soon, moon, spoon!
-ou- : as in group, soup, wound, through!
-u- : as in rude, June!
-ew-, -ue-, -ui-, -oe- : as in chew, blue, juice, shoe!
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LISTENING!
The accident!
Shibika talks about surviving a serious car accident. (From http://www.elllo.org/english/0851/T863Shibika-Accident.htm.)!
Before listening, fill the gaps with the expressions from the list:!
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as I told you • bangs • injection • pain killers • plaster!
1.!
The _________________ they gave him after his surgery made it difficult to walk.!
2.!
__________________ before, I am allergic to seafood.!
3.!
She always _________________ the doors and wakes me up in the morning.!
4.!
All of her friends wrote on her _________________ after she broke her arm.!
5.!
I had to have an ___________________ after the dog bit me.!
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Now listen and choose the right answer.!
1) What did she hurt? !
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a) Her rib!
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b) Her leg!
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2) What happened at the hospital? !
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a) She was admitted.! b) She had surgery.!
3) When did she call her parents? !
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a) Immediately! !
b) The next day!!
4) How long was she in the hospital? !
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a) A few hours! !
b) A less than a week!
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c) Her shoulder!
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c) She was released.!
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c) After surgery!
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c) About ten days!
Now listen and read the transcript.!
GRAMMAR 2!
have/get something done!
We use the structure have/get + object + past participle, with a passive meaning, to express that we ask
someone to do something for us.!
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I'm having my car repaired next week.!
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I had my hair cut yesterday.!
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I got my computer fixed last week.!
Compare with!
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I'm repairing my car. (I am repairing the car myself, I'm not taking it to the mechanic.)!
We can also use have + object + past participle when something unpleasant happens to us.!
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He had his ankle twisted yesterday while playing basketball.!
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They had their windows broken in the fight.!
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EXERCISES!
Write sentences using the structure have/get something done.!
She / her hair / dye / tomorrow.!
________________________________________________________________________!
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ENGLISH FOR FREE - 2nd BAT - UNIT 6 - TELLING TALES
We / our house / paint / blue / last month.!
_________________________________________________________________________!
She / her arm / break / in a car accident / last week.!
_________________________________________________________________________!
I / the documents / prepare / by tomorrow.!
_________________________________________________________________________!
They / their car / repair / yesterday.!
_________________________________________________________________________!
I / must / my tablet / fix.!
_________________________________________________________________________!
!!
SPEAKING!
Telling a story!
Remember an amazing story that happened to you or invent one. Answer the following questions
in writing.!
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When did it happen?!
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Where were you?!
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How did it all start?!
!
How did the story end?!
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Is there a morale to the story?!
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Now tell the story to your partner.!
WRITING!
A narrative!
Write about an amazing event. It can be something that happened to you, a famous story or you
can make it up.!
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Write three paragraphs:!
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1st paragraph: introduce the main characters and the setting of the story.!
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2nd paragraph: tell the body of the story.!
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3rd paragraph: tell how the story ended and any conclusions we can draw from it.!
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CLIL!
Storytelling in indigenous cultures (adapted from Wikipedia, Storytelling)!
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For indigenous cultures of the Americas, storytelling is used as an oral form of language associated with
practices and values essential to developing one’s identity. Therefore, everyone in the community can
add their own touch and perspective to the narrative collectively. Stories in indigenous communities differ
from other forms of stories because they are told not only for entertainment, but for teaching values. For
example, the Sto:lo community in Canada focuses on reinforcing children’s identity by telling stories about
the land to explain their roles.!
For many indigenous people, experience has no separation between the physical world and the spiritual
world. Thus, indigenous people communicate to their children through ritual, storytelling, or dialogue for
everything comes from the Great Spirit or Creator and is one. Everything, including inanimate objects,
has a soul and is to be respected. These values, learned through storytelling, help to guide future
generations and aid in identity formation.!
Values!
Stories are based on values passed down by older generations to shape the foundation of the community.
Storytelling is used as a bridge for knowledge and understanding allowing the values of "self" and
"community" to connect and be learned as a whole. Body movements and gestures help to communicate
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values and keep stories alive for future generations. Elders, parents, and grandparents would be involved
in teaching the children the cultural ways, along with history, community values and teachings of the land.!
Storytelling also serves to deliver a particular message at spiritual and ceremonial functions. In the
ceremonial use of storytelling, the unity building theme of the message becomes more important than the
time, place, and characters of the message. Once the message is delivered, the story is finished. As
cycles of the tale are told and retold, story units can recombine, showing various outcomes for a person’s
actions.!
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Find passive verbs in the text.!
________________________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________________________!
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PAU exams!
Check the following aspects in your writing.!
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1. Strategic aspects:!
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• Presentation. Your composition should be clean, with wide margins.!
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• Spelling. Check it for spelling mistakes. It could be a good idea to change a word for another if
you are not completely sure how it is spelt.!
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• Paragraphs. Divide your composition in three or four paragraphs.!
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• Punctuation. All sentences must end with a full stop. Use commas wisely; do not separate
subject and verb with a comma.!
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2. Grammaticality:!
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• Word order. Remember that subjects come before verbs; check word order if you are using
indirect speech. Adjectives come before nouns.!
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• Concordances. Remember -s in the third person singular of present simple.!
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• Pronouns. Remember that he and she only replace male and female subjects; for the rest we
normally use it. If it is a plural noun, we always use they. For direct and indirect object and after a
preposition we use object pronouns (me, you, him, etc.).!
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• Quantifiers. A common mistake is to use very directly before a noun; very modifies adjectives
and adverbs. Much is for uncountable nouns and many for countable, although they are used mainly in
negative and interrogative sentences; we can replace them by a lot of.!
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• Negation. Remember that negation is formed by adding not to the auxiliary verb, except for
present simple and past simple, when we need don’t/doesn’t and didn’t.!
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• Verb tenses. Do not mix present and past in your composition. Check the tenses if you are
using conditional sentences. Remember that past perfect is used for actions happened before another
past action. !
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• Time expressions. Do not use actually to indicate time; use now or nowadays.!
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• Articles. A/an are used for singular countable nouns. When we talk about a noun in a generic
sense, we do not use articles.!
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• Possessives. There are other possessive forms apart from your. Remember that his for
singular male possessors, her for singular female possessors and its for the rest of singular possessors.
For plural possessors the right form is their.!
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• Irregular plurals. Some English nouns do not form their plural forms by adding -s, like men,
women, children, teeth, feet. Others have the same form in plural as in singular, like sheep, fish. !
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• Modal verbs and defective verbs. Pure modal verbs have only got one form; they do not add s in the third person singular. They do not take auxiliary verbs before them either. Used to is only used for
the past; for the present we must use adverbs of frequency.!
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!
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• Adjectives. Adjectives come before nouns and they have no plural forms.!
• Prepositions. Remember that some verbs demand specific prepositions to go with them.!
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CREDITS!
!
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Intro!
Video: http://www.ted.com/talks/marco_tempest_a_magical_tale_with_augmented_reality.html!
Reading!
Text: adapted from the tale The Real Princess, from Andersen’s Fairy Tales, downloaded from Project
Gutenberg, http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1597.!
!
!
Listening!
Audio and transcript: http://www.elllo.org/english/0851/T863-Shibika-Accident.htm!
CLIL!
Text: adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storytelling.
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