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Right ventricular strain in rats with heart failure: a phase contrast MRI study Espe EKS1, Aronsen JM1,2, Zhang L1, Sjaastad I1 1Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 2Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway; Purpose The role of the right ventricle (RV) in experimental heart failure is largely unexplored, particularly due to difficulties in measuring RV function in vivo. We sought to measure RV strain in a rat model of heart failure using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI). Methods Six weeks after induction of left ventricular myocardial infarction (MI), 23 male Wistar rats were examined with PC-MRI, in addition to 8 sham-operated animals. PC-MRI was used to measure longitudinal and circumferential strain in the RV free-wall (SLFW and SCFW) and in the intraventricular septum (SLS and SCS). RV ejection fraction was also measured. After MRI, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was recorded as an index of RV afterload. The rats were divided into two groups; one with low RV afterload (LVEDP<15 mmHg) and one with high RV afterload (LVEDP >=15 mmHg). In N=23/4 (MI/sham) of the animals, the hearts were excised and the RV myocardial tissue was investigated using qPCR analysis to measure expression of collagen I and III, BNP, Acta1 and Myh7. Results Peak SLFW and RV ejection fraction was significantly lower in the high-afterload group than in the lowafterload group and sham. Peak SLS, SCFW and SCS were not different between the groups. Peak SLFW exhibited strong correlations to BNP (ρ=0.51, p=0.007), Acta1 (ρ=0.65, p<0.001), Myh7 (ρ=0.39, p<0.05), RV ejection fraction (ρ=-0.69, p<0.001) and EDP (ρ=0.55, p=0.001). Peak SCFW correlated with Acta1 (ρ=0.40, p=0.04) and RV ejection fraction (ρ=-0.50, p=0.004). Peak SLS was only correlated with RVEF (ρ =-0.44, p=0.01). Conclusion We have demonstrated that PC-MRI can measure RV strain in rats, and confirmed that strain in the RV free-wall is closely related to RV ejection fraction and afterload. We also demonstrate a relation between RV strain and molecular markers of RV remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction.