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Name____________________________________________ Block_____ Date_____________________________ Study Guide for Unit 2 Test, Energy KEY 1. When the nucleus of an atom changes, what energy is released? Nuclear energy 2. The total energy of the particles within a substance is Thermal energy 3. What is the energy of shape or position? Potential energy 4. What is the energy stored in compounds that changes as the bonds are rearranged forming new compounds? Chemical energy 5. In a nuclear power plant, the large nucleus Nuclear fission of a uranium atom is split into two smaller nuclei to produce a large amount of energy. The power plant depends on __________ to operate. 6. What is the law of conservation of energy? Energy cannot be created or destroyed. The amount of energy stays the same. 7. When the nuclei of atoms are joined together at very high temperatures, __________ has occurred. Nuclear fusion 8. A hairdryer transforms electrical energy into sound energy, mechanical energy, and Thermal energy 9. A television converts electrical energy into light energy, sound energy, and Thermal energy 10. What is the energy of moving electrons? Electrical energy 11. The energy transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves is Radiant or light energy 12. Vibrations of an object produce Sound energy 13. The total kinetic energy of particles that make up an object is Thermal energy Name____________________________________________ Block_____ Date_____________________________ 14. What is the ability to do work? Energy 15. What is the energy of motion? Kinetic energy 16. What is the energy of position or height above the Earth? Potential energy 17. What are the SI units for work and energy? Joules 18. Electrical energy can be used in appliances if it is ______________ first. Converted 19. Energy cannot be created or destroyed. However some energy is lost to the environment in the form of ________ energy. Thermal energy 20. How are work and energy related? The amount of work and energy are equal. Both are measured in joules. Work is the transfer of energy and energy is the ability to do work. 21. Kinetic energy from wind or moving water is a (nonrenewable or renewable) energy source. Renewable 22. Radiant energy from the sun is a (nonrenewable or renewable) energy source. Renewable 23. What is one positive reason for using nuclear energy? Generating electricity with no air pollution 24. What is one negative reason for using nuclear energy? Nuclear disasters and long-term health risks 25. A car parked on a hill is an example of ___________ energy. Potential energy 26. Food is an example of __________ energy. Chemical energy 27. A fan is an example of __________ energy. Mechanical energy Name____________________________________________ Block_____ Date_____________________________ 28. Throwing or kicking a ball and running down the field is an example of __________ energy. Kinetic energy 29. Using a stove to boil water is an example of __________ energy. Thermal energy 30. Fission or fusion are two examples of __________ energy. Nuclear 31. All power plants generate __________ energy. Electrical 32. Radiant energy from the sun is also __________ energy. Light 33. Listening to music at a concert is an example of __________ energy. Sound 34. Calculate the potential energy of a 2000 N boulder balancing on a 200 m high rock tower. W = 2000 N H = 200 m PE = ? PE = w x h PE = 2000 N x 200 m PE = 400,000 J 35. Calculate the kinetic energy of a 210 kg scooter moving at 8 m/s. M = 210 kg V = 8 m/s KE = ? KE = (m * v2) / 2 KE = (210 * 82) / 2 KE = 6720 J Problem: How does the length of a 2nd class lever affect the input force? 36. ________: If I use the longest lever, then I will have the lowest input force. Hypothesis 37. ________: 25 cm lever, 50 cm lever, 75 cm lever, 100 cm lever, 200 cm lever Experimental Groups 38. Independent Variable is Length of levers 39. Dependent Variable is Input force