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1/9/2013 Observe, Question, Comment Mythology Do Now 1/9/2013 Mythology Standards/ Objective: 2.1 Write fictional narratives Exit Slip 38L 38R Do Now K-W-L Chart In your notebook, please create the following chart. Fill in the first 2 sections of the chart ( ―K‖ and ―W‖). The ―L‖ section of the chart will be completed later. K What I know W L What I want to know What I learned • Today we are going to start our unit on Mythology. We are going to examine Greek and Egyptian myths. What is Mythology? • Ancient stories about people or supernatural beings that explain human behavior or things in nature. Typical characteristics • Present in every culture, past or present, in the world • Stories about things the culture believes in • Contain a supernatural element • Attempts to explain a fact of some kind (like storms) • Almost always part of a broader religion • Olympus was the residence of the divine family, the twelve most important ruling gods and goddesses of ancient Greece. • Called the Olympians, they lived together in an enormous palace, high above the clouds. • Some people believe the myth of Olympus is based on the highest mountain in Thessaly, Greece (also called Olympus). • Some versions of Greek myth, say that Olympus is some mysterious region far above the earth. The Olympians of Greek Mythology ZEUS (zoose; Roman name: Jupiter) • King of all gods of Olympus • Controls rain, thunder, law, order and fate • Bird: Eagle • Weapons: Thunderbolt, and a scepter POSEIDON (poh-SYE-dun; Roman name Neptune) • The god of the sea, floods, droughts, and horses • Older brother of Zeus and second to Zeus in power • Weapon: Trident • Symbol: Fish, dolphins, and horses • Spent most of his time in the ocean, not Olympus HADES (HAY-dees; Roman name Pluto) • The god of the Underworld and death • Oldest brother of Zeus and Poseidon • Beast: Cerberus (mythical dog with 3 heads) HERA (HEE-ruh or HAIR-Uh; Roman name Juno) • The goddess of women, marriage, childbirth and kings. • Hera was the wife and sister of Zeus. • Bird: Peacock • Symbols: pomegranate, and lotus staff ARES (AIR-eez; Roman name Mars) • The god of war and violence. • His parents, Zeus and Hera, disliked him; he was cruel and a coward. • Weapon: Bronze-tipped Spear • Clothes: Golden Armor • Bird: Vulture • Beast: Venomous Snakes APOLLO (uh-POL-oh; Roman name Apollo) • The god of music, poetry, archery and healing • Twin brother of Artemis. • Weapon: Bow and Arrow • Symbol: Lyre (a hand-held harp) • Bird: Crow 1. Please create the chart below in your notebook on the left side. Complete it with information from your notes. In the last column, ―Influence on Humanity‖ make an inference as to how a god influenced people’s lives. 2. Citing evidence from your notes, explain which god or goddess you find the most interesting in several sentences below the chart. Name Dominion Over (Control) Symbol Zeus Poseidon Influence on Humanity Weather for crops like rain Oceans Cerberus Hera Ares Women Spear poetry Your Task: • Write an original, nature myth that explains a how something looks or why something happens in nature (like a storm or the color of fire). • The myth should be no more than 1 page (and at least 4 paragraphs—each paragraph should have at least 6 sentences). • Your story is due: God/Goddess Part of Nature / Human Behavior Reason Apollo and Zeus Eclipse An argument between Zeus and Apollo Aphrodite Pink Roses A gift to her father Examples of different aspects of nature. Session #2 1/9/2013 Observe, Question, Comment Mythology 1/9/2013 Mythology Do Now Standards/ Objective: Citing evidence from the text, how would the Greek gods affect our lives if they were worshipped in America? Please give at least 2 to 3 examples? 2.1 Write fictional narratives Exit Slip 38L 38R What is Mythology? • Ancient stories about people or supernatural beings that explain human behavior or things in nature. • Typical gods a myth: – Sky gods – Creator gods – Sun god – Thunder gods – Rain gods – Fertility gods – Gods of war – Fire gods – Sea gods – Moon gods – Mother goddesses – Fertility goddesses – Moon goddesses – Goddesses of love – Goddesses of death Typical subjects of myths: • Creation myths • Myths on the origin of humans • Myths of the cosmos (space) • Flood myths • End of the world myths • Myths of the underworld • Myths of a descent to the underworld • Myths of heaven and hell • Hero myths • Fire myths The Olympians of Greek Mythology DIONYSUS (dye-oh-NYE-sus; Roman name Bacchus) • The god of wine and festivals. • Dionysus was the son of Zeus and the mortal, Semele. HERMES (HUR-meez; Roman name Mercury) • The messenger of the gods and guide of dead souls to the Underworld. • He is a prankster and a good friend to thieves. • Hermes invented boxing and gymnastics. • Symbol: Caduceus • Bird: Hawk HEPHAESTUS (he-FEE-stus or he-FESS-tus; Roman name Vulcan) • The deformed god of fire and blacksmiths. • Hephaestus was the son of Zeus and Hera. • Hera threw him off Mount Olympus because of his deformity. • Symbols: Fire, axe, and hammer • Bird: Crane DEMETER (dee-MEE-tur; Roman name Ceres) • The goddess of agriculture. • Demeter is the sister of Zeus and the mother of Persephone. • The word ―cereal‖ comes from her Roman name. ATHENA (a-THEE-nuh; Roman name Minerva) • The goddess of war and wisdom. • She sprang full-grown from the forehead of Zeus and became his favorite child. • Symbol: Lance and shield • Bird: Owl ARTEMIS (AR-teh-mis; Roman name Diana) • The goddess of hunting and the moon. • Apollo’s twin sister • Weapon: Golden Bow and silver arrows • Bird: Falcon • Symbol: Stag or wolf APHRODITE (a-fro-DYE-tee; Roman name Venus) • The goddess of love and beauty • Causes people to love or hate • Can make someone appear beautiful or ugly in the eyes of someone else. • Symbols. Apple, sea shell • Bird: Dove 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. ______ is the Supreme ruler of the Greek gods. Demeter is the goddess of _____________. ___________ is the god of the ocean and horses. Apollo is MOSTLY known as the god of the ___________. Hermes is the __________ of the gods. Athena is the goddess of _________ and wisdom. Ares is the god of warlike frenzy. True or False? Who is the god of wine and festivals? What three Olympians do we know are brothers? Who is known as the goddess of love? BONUS: What are the names of the original gods of Greek mythology. • If you were a Greek god, what part of nature would you be connected with? Please elaborate. • Example: • Apollo is connected with the sun. • Other gods of interest: – – – – – – – – – Eros: the son of Aphrodite. Eros is the god of love. Eris: Ares’ sister, goddess of discord (confusion and fighting). Thantatos: Greek god of death. Pan: son of Hermes, god of shepherds Nemesis: Greek god of vengence or righteous anger The Fates: Decide mankinds future Asclepius: Apollo’s son, god of healing Helius: The god of the sun Pegasus: A winged horse who was the ―son‖ of Medusa and Poseidon – Cerberus: a three-headed dog with a snake’s tail. Peer Review of Greek Myth • Please read your partner’s nature myth and complete the handout. • Be sure to answer all the questions honestly as the writer needs this feedback to make adjustments. • The final draft is due Monday / Tuesday.