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Transcript
Sociology Ch. 4 Study Guide Name __________________________ Test on _______________________ Reviewing Facts: Secondary group Postindustrial society Bureaucracy Hunter-gatherer society Rationality Role strain Horticultural society Gemeinschaft Out-group Reciprocal roles Aggregate Master statuses Subsistence strategy Gesellschaft Understanding Ideas: When fulfilling the role expectations of one status makes it difficult to fulfill the role expectations of another status, the situations is known as … The term social category refers to… Secondary group is to co-workers as primary group is to … Exchange theory holds that … The socially determined behaviors expected of an individual performing a role are called … The expected behavior of someone occupying a particular status is called a … A status assigned according to standards beyond one’s control is a(n) … Specialization in the performance of specific economic activities is called … All of the following are forms of accommodation except (know some forms)… One example of an achieved status is … Emile Durkheim described different types of societies using the concepts of … A system of statuses, roles, values, and norms organized to satisfy one or more of the basic needs of society is a(n)… People waiting in a theater line are an example of … The tendency of organizations to become increasingly dominated by small groups of people is called … The network of interrelated statuses and roles that guides human behavior is called … The practice of exchanging on good for another is called … Corresponding roles that define the pattern of interaction between related statuses are … The sociologist who developed a model of bureaucracies still in use today is … The basis of exchange theory is the concept of … Developing Ideas: Be able to classify characteristics and descriptions of the following types of societies. Hunting and gathering Pastoral Horticultural Agricultural Industrial Postindustrial Short Answer: Sociologists have traditionally recognized five major social institutions. What are they? What are the four sources of conflict identified by sociologist George Simmel? Although we tend to think of conflict as negative, what are at least three useful purposes sociologists have pointed out that conflict can serve? What is the criticism of bureaucracies known as Parkinson’s Law?