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KARPAGAM ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION,COIMBATORE-21 DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS CLASS: I B. Sc. PHYSICS BATCH: 2015 - 2018 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS (15PHU201) QUESTIONS Unit - I 1. Heat can be defined as_________________. 2. The first thermometer was constructed by_____________. 3. The specific heat (C) is defined by_____________________. 4. Unit of specific heat is _______________. 5. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of the whole of the substance through 1 °C is defined by 6. A calorimeter is mainly used to measure the _________________________. 7. The specific heat of silver is _______________ than gold. 8. Newton’s law of cooling states that the rate of loss of heat of a body is _______________ to the difference of temperature of the body and the surroundings. 9. Newton’s law of cooling can be obtained experimentally by the graph plotted between________. 10. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a gas through at 1 ° C OPTION 1 MULIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS OPTION 2 OPTION 3 OPTION 4 ANSWER energy conduction energy convection energy transition all of the above energy transition Galileo Newton Kelvin Celsius Galileo H/mq H/m H/q H*mq H/mq calorie/g*°C g*°C/calorie calorie/g calories calorie/g*°C Specific heat Thermal Capacity Water equivalent thermal equilibrium Thermal Capacity heat temperature pressure volume heat higher lower equal none of the above higher equal directly inversely none of the above directly time vs. temperature temperature vs. time temperature vs. velocity none of the above temperature vs. time Cp CH Cv zero Cv 1 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. is equal at constant volume is equal to_________________. The value of the universal gas constant R for one gram molecule of a gas is equal to __________. Specific heat of a gas at constant pressure is determined by_________. The specific heats both Cp and Cv of hydrogen (for 1 gram) are As per Dulong and Petit’s Law, the exact value of atomic heat of the substance is equal to _________. The atomic heat of lead is _______________ than carbon at 20 °C. The atomic heat of silver at 20 K is _______________. 17. Einstein’s theory of specific heat 18. At high temperature, the static heat of a solid attains a value 19. At low temperature, the static heat of a solid attains a value 20. According to Debye's theory, the atomic heat of a solid at low temperature varies as 21. Einstein’s theory of specific heat of solids assumes that the atoms of a solid vibrate simple harmonics 22. According to Dulong's and Petit's law, the average energy of an atom of a solid at temperature T is 7.54 x 107 8.31 x 107 4.31 x 107 zero 8.31 x 107 Joly’s differential steam calorimeter Regnault’s method Joule’s calorie meter Callendar and Barnes’ method Regnault’s method 3.435 and 2.44 2.44 and 3.435 1 and 0 none of the above 3.435 and 2.44 5.26 5.96 5 zero 5.96 higher lower equal none of the above higher 0 0.2 4.8 0.4 accepts different frequencies of molecular vibrations 0.4 accepts same frequencies of molecular vibrations reflects molecular vibrations none of the above accepts different frequencies of molecular vibrations infinite 5/2 R 3R 1/2R 3R 0 5R 3R 0 proportional to its absolute temperature infinite proportional to square of its absolute temperature proportional to cube of its absolute temperature independent of temperature proportional to cube of its absolute temperature like longitudinal waves like transverse waves all with the same frequency in a complex manner all with the same frequency 1/2 KT KT 2 KT 3 KT 3 KT 2 23. According to Dulong's and Petit's law, the atomic heat of an element of constant volume 24. The degeneracy parameter ea satisfies this condition, the gas is said to be 25. RMS speed of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its 26. The RMS speed of gas at 400 K is 27. Which of the following variables controls the physical properties of a perfect gas 28. Which of the following laws is applicable for the behavior of a perfect gas 29. The unit of time in SI unit is 30. The unit of energy in SI unit is 31. An ideal gas as compared to a real gas at very high pressure occupies 32. General gas equation is 33. Which of the following can be regarded as gas so that gas law could be applicable within the commonly encountered temperature limits. 34. The unit of pressure in SI units is 35. Temperature of a gas is produced due to 36. Kinetic theory of gases assumes that the collisions between the molecules are 37. Calorie is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water from 14.5 C to 15.5 C increase with increase of temperature decrease with increase of temperature become zero at absolute zero is constant is constant weakly degenerate strongly degenerate non degenerate none of the above non degenerate mass twice the value at 100 K temperature four times the value at 100 K none of these both of these half the value at 100 K same as at 100 K mass twice the value at 100 K pressure temperature volume all of the above all of the above Boyle's law second watt Charles' law hour joule Gay-Lussac law day joule/s all of the above minute joule/m all of the above second joule more volume PV = nRT less volume PV = mRT same volume PV = c unpredictable behaviour PV = KiRt more volume PV = mRT SO2, NH3, CO2, moisture O2, N2, H2, air O2, N2, H2, air Its heating value O2, N2, water vapour mm of water column kinetic energy of molecules repulsion of molecules dynes per square cm attraction of molecules Pascal kinetic energy of molecules perfectly elastic perfectly inelastic partly elastic partly inelastic perfectly elastic Energy Power Calorie volume calorie O2, N2, steam, CO2 Kg/cm2 Pascal 3 38. The specific heat of a gas at constant pressure by electrical method can be determined by Callender and Barnes method 39. Specific heat is defined as quantity of heat required to raise temperature of unit mass of a substance through one degree 40. One calorie is equal to raise in 1 C and quantity of water 41. Pound calorie is in 1 pound quantity of water and its rise in 1 C temperature the value is equal to 42. The unit of thermal capacity 43. One therm is in 10 5 pounds quantity of water and raise in 1 C temperature the value is equal 44. The atomic heat for aluminium is greater than boron 45. The atomic heat value of copper is 5.79 46. The value of R is the same for all gases provided the mass of the gas is 47. One watt is equal to 48. Work done is the zero for the following process 49. On volume basis, air contains following parts of oxygen 50. In a free expansion process 51. The specific heat of air increases with increase in 52. Which of the process is irreversible process 53. For reversible adiabatic process change in entropy is Boyle's method Callender and Barnes method Joule's method Graham’s method Callender and Barnes method Specific heat calorie pound calorie thermal capacity Specific heat calorie BTU thermal volume calorie 1000 calories mcq 453.6 calories c = 1/m (dq/dt) 252 mc calories/C 0 none of the above 453.6 calories mc calories/C 252 calories 2.52 x 10 7 calories 1000 calories 252 calories 2.52 x 10 7 calories less than equal to greater than all of the above greater than 5.72 1.92 6.11 5.79 5.79 zero 1 Nm/S 100 gram 1 N/mt 50 gram 1 Nm/hr one gram 1 KNm/mt one gram 1 Nm/S constant volume free equation all of the above none of the above all of the above 21 25 temperature pressure both a and b above both pressure and temperature 77 work done is zero but heat increases 21 work done is zero 23 heat transfer is zero air flow temperature isothermal adiabatic throttling all of the above throtting maximum minimum zero negative zero both a and b above 4 54. The unit of temperature in SI units is 55. The unit of mass in SI units is 56. The pressure of a gas in terms of its mean kinetic energy per unit volume E is equal to 57. The unit of power in SI units is 58. The ratio of two specific heats of air is equal to 59. Which law states that the internal energy of a gas is a function of temperature 60. Which law states that the specific heat of a gas remains constant at all temperature and pressure 61. Gases have 62. Work done in a free expansion process is 63. Internal energy of a perfect gas depends upon 64. Which of the following temperature scales doesn’t have negative numbers? 65. Which of two temperature change are equivalent? 66. What temperature change on the Kelvin scale is equivalent to a 10 degree change on the Celsius scale 67. A combustion process produces a gas stream with the mass fractions 14% CO2, 8% H2O, 5% O2, and 73% N2. What is the cp of the mixture at 1000 K? 68. Control volume refers to a Centigrade Kilogram Celsius gram Fahrenheit tonne Kelvin quintal Kelvin quintal t/3 Newton t/2 Pascal 3E/4 erg 2E/4 watt 2E/4 watt 0.17 0.24 0.1 1.4 1.4 Charle's law Joule's law Regnault's law Boyle's law Joule's law Charle's law Only one value of specific heat Joule's law two values of specific heat Regnault's law three values of specific heat Boyle's law no values Regnault's law two values of specific heat Positive zero temperature, pressure and specific heats maximum zero temperature only Negative temperature and pressure none of the above. temperature only Celsius Kelvin Reaumur Fahrenheit Kelvin 1K=1F 1F=1C 1 Re = 1 F 1K=1C 1K=1C 283 K 273 K 18 K 10 K 10 K 1.262 kJ/kgK 1.234 kJ/kgK fixed region in the space 1.167 kJ/kg 1.234 J/kgK closed system none of the above 1.262 kJ/kgK fixed region in the space specified mass 5 Unit - II 1. Conduction is the process in which heat is transmitted from one point to the other through the substance__________________ . 2. Thermal diffusivity is defined as ___________ 3. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of a rubber can be determined by the principle of ______. 4. The relation between thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity is defined as __________. 5. The pressure of a gas in terms of its mean kinetic energy per unit volume E is equal to 6. Kinetic energy of the molecules in terms of absolute temperature T is proportional to 7. Superheated vapour behaves 8. No liquids can exist as liquid at 9. The unit of power in SI units is 10. The condition of perfect vacuum, i.e. absolute zero pressure can be attained 11. Intensive property of a system is one whose value with actual movement of particles. the ratio of thermal conductivity to thermal capacity per unit volume. without actual movement of particles directly proportional to the thermal conductivity Rectilinear of flow of heat Wiedemann-Franz law without any medium none of the above inversely proportional to thermal conductivity none of the above without actual movement of particles the ratio of thermal conductivity to thermal capacity per unit volume. Cylindrical flow of heat radial flow of heat none of the above Cylindrical flow of heat Wiedemann law Hookes law none of the above Wiedemann-Franz law E/3 the ratio of thermal conductivity to thermal capacity per unit volume. E/2 3E/4 2E/3 2E/3 T J exactly as gas 273 K Newton as steam vacuum Pascal as ordinary vapour zero pressure erg J2 approximately as a gas centre of earth Watt T approximately as a gas zero pressure Watt a temperature of 273.16 C a temperature of 0C does not depend on the mass of the system like temperature, pressure etc. a temperature of 273 C cannot be attained is not dependent on the path followed but on the state is dependent on the path followed and not on the state depends on the mass of the system like volume a temperature of 273.16 C does not depend on the mass of the system like temperature, pressure etc. 6 12. Specific heat of air at constant pressure equal to 13. Which of the following does not help to transfer heat? 14. All the following items are good conductors of heat except 15. Which of the following is the poorest conductor of heat? 16. Which one of these devices can work without the help of convection? 17. Convection is a process of heat transfer that depends on 18. Which surface is the best radiator of heat 19. On a cloudiness night, the earth is gold because its heat is 20. The dimensional formula of K is 21. Thermal capacity of a good conductor is determined by 22. Thermal conductivity of a bad conductor is determined by 23. The SI unit of thermal conductivity is 24. Thermal conductivity of bad conductors is measured by 25. Therefore the coefficient of thermal conductivity is defined as the amount of heat flowing in one second across the opposite faces of a cube of side on cm maintained at a difference of temperature 26. Two rods of length L and 2 L, thermal conductivities 2 K and K of same cross sectional area are connected end to end, then the equivalent thermal 0.17 0.21 0.24 1 0.24 conduction dispersion radiation dispersion A copper saucepan convection A stainless steel spoon a wooden table met an aluminium teapot a wooden table met a gas a liquid a solid a vacuum a vacuum Air - conditioner Electric mixer Hot water heater Electric mixer molecules vibrating and then keeping still smooth, shiny and black radiation of energy between two places smooth, white and silvery density differences in a liquid or a gas rough, dull and black Electric kettle heavy molecules falling and light ones rising rough dull and white conducted convected radiated transported radiated M1L1T-3K-1 Lee's method or Searle's apparatus M1L1T3K-1 Forbe's method or Lee's method M1L1T2K-1 Searle's apparatus or Forbe's method M1L1T-2K1 none of the above M1L1T-3K-1 Searle's apparatus or Forbe's method Forbe's method Lee's method Searle's apparatus none of the above Lee's method JSm-1C-1 JS-1m-1C Callender and Barnes method JS-1mC-1 JS-1m-1C-1 Searle’s method JS-1m-1C-1 Lee's disc method none of the above Lee's disc method 3C 1C 2C 0C 1C (5/6) K 1.5 K 1.2 K (8/9) K 1.2 K density differences in a liquid or a gas rough, dull and black 7 conductivity of the system 27. The value of Stefan's constant is 28. The earth, thus, subjected to a periodic propagated into the interior of the earth. This wave is called the-----------29. For convection method________________ type of crystal used. 30. _____________ is used in research in for the study in infrared radiations 31. The thermal conductivity of metal is different at ____________ temperature. 32. Lee's method for bad conductors a steady current passed through 5.996 x 10-8 w m-2 k1 4.3219 x 10-8 w m-2 k-1 5.6696 x 10 8 w m-2 k-1 5.6696 x 10 7 w m-2 k-1 5.996 x 10-8 w m-2 k-1 annual wave directional wave wave none of the above directional wave KMnO4 large crystal of KMnO4 crystal none of the above large crystal of KMnO4 thermopile linear thermopile thermocouple none of the above linear thermopile same different both none of the above same heater coil thin disk co-efficient of thermal conductivity copper plates 3.7418 x 10-16 Wm2 temperature 5.669 x 10 -8 Wm-2 K-1 heater coil co-efficient of thermal conductivity 8.3143 x 10 3 JK-1 Kmol-1 33. Searle's method determined by conductivity 34. Gas constant R0 = 35. Thermal conductivity measurement is also called as 36. The velocity of heat wave n = 37. Formula for cylindrical flow of heat method 38. The thermopile originally designed by __________ consisted of a number of thermo couples joined in series. 39. Heat radiations travel in 40. Heat produced per second 41. The co-efficient of thermal conductivity of a rubber tubing can be determined in the laboratory applying the principle of 1.3802 x 10 -3 J K-1 thermo couples thermal conductivity 8.3143 x 10 3 JK-1 Kmol-1 Ingen-Hausz method Ö 4πh Flow method Ö 2ωh Angstrom's method Öωh Searle’s method none of the above Angstrom's method Ö 2ωh Q = - KA dq/dr Q = - KA Q = - dq/dr KA = Q dq/dr Q = - KA dq/dr Stefan’s curve ELM/4.2 calories Melloni wave EI/4.2 calories Newton straight line 4.2 calories Hook parallel line 5.89/EI calories Melloni straight line EI/4.2 calories continuous flow method cylindrical flow of heat spherical all method none of the above cylindrical flow of heat 8 42. According to Avogadro’s hypothesis 43. Gases have 44. Extension property of a system is one whose value 45. Work done in a free expansion process is 46. The statement that molecular weights of all gases occupy the same volume is known as 47. If a gas is heated against a pressure keeping the volume constant, then work done will be equal to 48. Thermal conduction in metals take place by 49. If c is the length and A area of cross section of a rod and k is thermal conductivity of materials then the thermal resistance is given by 50. In the Ingen-Hausz experiment the thermal conductivity K and length L of the rod up to which wax melts are related as 51. Under steady state, the temperature of body 52. The rate of flow of heat through a metal bar of area of cross section 1 m2 when temperature the molecular weights of all the perfect gases occupy the same volume under same conditions of pressure and temperature only one value of specific heat depends on the mass of the system like volume the sum of partial pressure of mixture of two gases in sum of the two two values of specific heat does not depend on the mass of the system like temperature, pressure etc. positive negative zero maximum maximum Avogadro's hypothesis Dalton's law Gas law Joule's law Avogadro's hypothesis positive negative zero pressure x volume zero free electrons bound electrons vibrations of molecules none of the above free electrons KL/A A/KL KA/L L/KA L/KA K/L = constant K2/L = constant K/L2 = constant increases with time decreases with time does not change with time and is same at all points of the body KL = constant does not change with time and can be different at different points of the body KL = constant does not change with time and can be different at different points of the body thermal resistance thermal conductivity diffusivity resistivity thermal conductivity product of the gas constant and the molecular weight of the ideal gas is constant three values of specific heat gases have two values of specific heat no value of specific heat the sum of partial pressure of mixture of two gases in sum of the two only one value of specific heat is dependent on the path followed but on the state is also constant depends on the mass of the system like volume 9 gradient is 1 C/m under steady state is called 53. A single plate of double thickness is made by joining two equal plates of thermal conductivities K1 and K2, the equivalent thermal conductivity of the composite plate will be 54. In Searle's method for finding conductivity of metal, the temperature gradient along the bar 55. Properties of substances like pressure temperature and density in thermodynamics is co-ordinates are 56. Mixture of ice and water form a 57. Which of the following is not intensive property 58. If a certain amount of dry ice is mixed with same amount of water at 80 C, the final temperature of mixture will be 59. When we touch a piece of metal and a piece of wood that are placed in the same room, the piece of metal feels much colder than the piece of wood. This happens because of the difference in: 60. Which of the following could NOT be used to indicate a temperature change? A change in: 61. An open system is one in which 62. A closed system is one, which 2K1K2/K1+K2 K1K2/K1+K2 K1/K1+K2 K2/K1+K2 2K1K2/K1+K2 is greater near the hot end is greater near the cold end is same at all points along the bar increases as we go from hot to cold end is same at all points along the bar path function closed system point function open system cyclic function isolated system real function heterogeneous system point function heterogeneous system pressure heat specific volume density heat 80 C 0C 40 C 110 C 0C Specific heat Temperature Density Thermal conductivity Thermal conductivity color of a metal rod mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so Permits the passage of energy and matter length of a liquid column neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system Does not permit the passage of pressure of a gas at constant volume electrical resistance mass of one mole of gas at constant pressure both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system Permits the passage of energy across the mass crosses the boundary but not the energy Permits the passage of matter across the both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system Permits the passage of energy across the 10 63. The process of heat transfer by the movement of mass from one place to another is called: 64. Which mechanism of heat transfer is involved in heat flow from Sun to Earth? 65. If the absolute temperature of a radiating objects is doubled, by what factor does the rate of energy emission change? Unit - III 1. When the pressure of a constant mass of gas is not too great say less than about 2. Which of the following variables control the physical properties of a perfect gas 3. The unit of temperature in SI unit is 4. Work which of the following substances the gas lower can be used with minimum error 5. The stream NTP states for 6. A heat exchange process in which the product pressure and volume constant is known as 7. Zero law of thermodynamics 8. If a certain amount of dry is mixed with some amount water of 80 C final temperature across the boundaries energy and matter across the boundaries boundary but does not permit the passage of matter boundary but does not permit the passage of energy boundary but does not permit the passage of matter Convection Conduction Radiation Induction Convection Convection Conduction Radiation Induction Radiation 2 4 8 16 16 2 atm 5 atm 3 atm 1 atm 1 atm pressure volume all the above atomic gas atomic gas centigrade Kelvin Fahrenheit Rankine Rankine dry stream cool stream natural temperature and pressure free expansion superheated stream normal thermodynamic pressure none of the above superheated stream normal thermodynamic pressure adiabatic process hyperbolic process hyperbolic process states that systems are both in equilibrium does not exist states that systems are both in equilibrium 40 C 60 C 0C temperature and pressure deals with conversion of mass and energy isentropic process deals with reversibility and irreversibility process 80 C 0C heat exchange process 11 9. Work done is zero for the following process 10. One watt is equal to 11. The molecules of an ideal gas have 12. The value of Boltzmann's constant is 13. According to kinetic theory of gases the relation between pressure P density r and mean square velocity is 14. The temperature of a gas is doubled, then its root mean square speed becomes 15. The average velocity of the molecules in a gas in equilibrium is 16. The average energy of molecules of monatomic gas at temperature T is 17. A diatomic gas molecule has translational, rotational and vibrational degree's of freedom, the ratio of Cp/Cv is 18. The kinetic energy per unit volume of a perfect gas is equal to 19. For a gas the rms speed at 800 K is 20. Which turns out to be just 1/T, where T is previously defined ' thermodynamic temperature' normally measured in 21. Typical speeds in excess of __________ at room temperature 22. The gas particles are typically separated by distances which are much _________ than the constant volume 1 Nm/s all the above 1 K/nm none of the above 0 all the above 1 Nm/s only kinetic energy free expansion 1 N/mt only potential energy both KE and PE none of the above only kinetic energy 1.38 x 10 -16 J K-1 1.38 J K-1 1.38 x 10 -23 J K-1 8.314 1.38 x 10 -23 J K-1 P = 1/2 P C2 P = 1/3 P C2 P = 1/2 P C P = 1/3 P C P = 1/3 P C2 double Ö2 times half 1/Ö2 times Ö2 times proportional to ÖT proportional to T2 proportional to T equal to zero equal to zero 1/2 KT 3/2 KT KT 5/2 KT 3/2 KT 1.67 1.4 1 2 1.4 2/3 P four times the value of 200 K 3/2 P twice the value of 200 K P/3 1/2 P half the value of 200 K same as at 200 K 3/2 P twice the value of 200 K Newton Kelvin Calorie meter Kelvin 350 m/s 200 m/s 300 m/s 100 m/s 200 m/s smaller bigger strongly larger larger 12 particles size 23. Equipartition theorem or the equipartition of energy called the 24. Molecules has an associated mean energy of 1/2 KB T where KB= 25. Boltzmann’s constant is related to our old friend the molar gas constant R 26. Every molecular or atomic degree of freedom, there is an average_______ of associated energy 27. A mass of gas occupies a volume of 8 liters at a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 28. Determine the final pressure and the final temperature, assuming it to be an ideal gas whose value of r = 29. 5 gm air is heated from 273 K to 275 K. The change in internal energy of air will be 30. Moon has no atmosphere because 31. An ideal gas exerts a pressure P. The mean kinetic energy per unit volume is E which of the following relation is correct 32. According to kinetic theory of gases at absolute 0 C temperature 33. If 1 kg of water at its normal boiling point forms 1.671 m3 of steam the external latent heat of vaporization of water is about Boltzmann’s constant kinetic theory molecular theory molecules kinetic theory kinetic theory 380.650 x 10 -23 J/K 383.650 x 10 -23 J/K 383.650 x 10 23 J/K 380.650 x 10 23 J/K 380.650 x 10 -23 J/K 8.31 J/mol.K 8.41 J/mol.K 8.314 J/mol.K 8.143 J/mol.K 8.314 J/mol.K 3/2 KB 1/2 KB 1 KB 5/2 KB 1/2 KB 258 abs 300 abs 200 abs 100 abs 300 abs 1.5 0.5 0.05 1.05 1.5 7.22 J 5.22 J 8.16 J 3.5 J it is far away from the surface of the earth its surface temperature is 10 C the rms velocity of all the gas molecular is more than the escape velocity of the moon’s surface the escape velocity of the moon’s surface is more than the rms velocity all molecules 7.22 J the rms velocity of all the gas molecular is more than the escape velocity of the moon’s surface P =E P = E/2 P =2/3 E P = 3/2 P P =2/3 E Water freeze liquid helium freeze molecules motion stops liquid hydrogen freeze molecules motion stops 400 k cal/kg 40 k cal/g 4 k cal/kg 40 cal/kg 40 k cal/g 13 34. One mole of an ideal gas requires 207 J to heat to raise the temperature by 10 K when heated at constant pressure. If the same gas is heated at constant volume to raise the temperature by 10 K, then heat required is 35. For an ideal gas, Cv/Cp is 36. If P is the exerted by a gas and E is the K.E per unit volume, then 37. Boyle's law is applicable in 38. If the pressure of an ideal gas is decreased by 10 % isothermally, then its volume will 39. The lower calorific value of fuel may be obtained by adding the heat of stream formed during combustion to the higher calorie value 40. One kg of carbon monoxide requires 4/7 Kg of oxygen and produces 41. In a free expansion process 42. The heat focus from a cold body on a hot body with the aid of an external source. This statement is given by 43. The gas in cooling chamber of a closed cycle gas turbine is cooled at 44. The isothermal and adiabatic process are regarded as 45. The heating of gas at constant volume is governed by 46. The ratio of specific heat at 96.6 J >1 124 J <1 198.8 J 1 215. 43 K 1 124 J <1 P = E/3 P = 3/2 E P = 2/3 E P = (2/3) E isochoric process P = (2/3) E isothermal process isobaric process isotonic process isothermal process increase by 10 % increase by 11.1 % decrease by 10 % decrease by 9 % increase by 11.1 % yes no none of these all of the above no 11/3 kg of carbon dioxide gas w1-2 = 0 7/3 kg carbon monoxide gas Q1-2=0 11/7 kg of carbon monoxide gas du = 0 none of the above all of the above 11/7 kg of carbon monoxide gas all of the above Kelvin Joule Celsius none of the above Celsius constant pressure either reversible or nonreversible none of the above constant pressure reversible process constant temperature irreversible process none of the above reversible process Boyle's law equal Charle's law less than Gay-Lussac's law greater than Avogadro's law none of the above Gay-Lussac’s law less than constant volume 14 constant pressure Cp and specific heat at constant volume is always 47. The fuel mostly used in cement industry and in metallurgical process is 48. The molecules mass expressed in gram of all gases at NTP occupies a volume of 49. Out of the following, the physical quantity that relates with first law of thermodynamics is 50. In producing cooling by adiabatic demagnetization, we use 51. In Carnot cycle, the first step is 52. The efficiency of Carnot engine working between steam point and ice point is 53. According to kinetic theory of gases, at absolute zero 54. A heat engine: 55. The state of an ideal gas was changed three times at three different temperatures. The diagram represents three different isothermal curves. Which of the following is true about the temperature of the gas? 56. The state of an ideal gas was changed three times in a way wood charcoal bituminous cake pulverized coal cake pulverized coal 0.224 liters 2.24 liters 22.4 liters 224 liters 22.4 liters temperature pressure energy number of moles energy paramagnetic substance adiabatic expansion ferromagnetic substance adiabatic compression 26.81% 0 volume of gas reduce to zero 26.81% kinetic energy of molecules reduces to zero isothermal expansion paramagnetic substance isothermal compression 1 specific heat of molecules reduces to zero 0 kinetic energy of molecules reduces to zero converts heat input to an equivalent amount of work converts work to an equivalent amount of heat takes heat in, does work, and loses energy heat pressure of gas reduces to zero. uses positive work done on the system to transfer heat from a low temperature reservoir to a high temperature reservoir T1 > T2 > T3 T1 > T2 < T3 T1 < T2 < T3 T1 > T2 = T3 T1 < T2 < T3 P1 > P2 > P3 P1 > P2 < P3 P1 < P2 < P3 P1 = P2 > P3 P1 > P2 > P3 magnetic substance diamagnetic substance isothermal expansion takes heat in, does work, and loses energy heat 15 that the pressure stays the same. The graph represents three isobaric lines. Which of the following is true about the pressure of the gas? 57. The temperature of an ideal gas increases from 20 ̊C to 40 ̊C while the pressure stays the same. What happens to the volume of the gas? 58. The state of an ideal gas was changed three times in a way that the volume stays the same. The graph represents three isobaric lines. Which of the following is true about the volume of the gas? 59. The absolute temperature of an ideal diatomic gas is quadrupled. What happens to the average speed of molecules? 60. The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas depends on: 61. The theoretical (Carnot) efficiency of a heat engine operating between 600C and 100C is 62. Which of the following is always true for an isothermal process of an ideal gas? 63. According to which law, all perfect gases change in volume by l/273th of their original volume at 0°C for every 1°C change in temperature when pressure remains constant 64. At room temperature, the rms speed of the molecules of a certain diatomic gas is found to be 1930 m/s. The gas is It doubles It quadruples It is cut to one-half It is cut to one-fourth it slightly increases V1 >V2 >V3 V1 > V2 < V3 V1 < V2 < V3 V1 = V2 > V3 V1 >V2 >V3 Quadruples Doubles Triples Increases by a factor of 1.41 Doubles Pressure Volume Temperature Number of moles Temperature 16.70% 42.70% 57.30% 57.30% The internal energy does not change 20.00% No heat flows into or out of the system The pressure does not change The volume does not change The internal energy does not change Joule's law Boyle's law Regnault's law Charles' law Charles' law H2 F2 O2 Cl2 H2 16 65. Kinetic Theory is based on an ideal gas model. The following statements about the ideal gas are true EXCEPT: 66. An ideal gas with an internal energy U initially at 0 ̊C is heated to 273 ̊C. What is the new internal energy in terms of U? 67. The change of the state of an ideal gas is presented by the diagram. What is the ration between work done on the gas during the process 2→3 and work done on the gas during the process 4→1? 68. The state of an ideal gas is changed isothermally from position 1 to position 2 is shown above. What is the change in the internal energy of the gas during this process? 69. If two molecules in a gas collide, then Unit - IV 1. The ratio of root mean square velocity to average velocity of gas molecules at a particular temperature is 2. First law of thermodynamics deals with 3. In SI units, the value of universal gas constant is 4. The throttling process is 5. All the commercial liquid fuels are delivered from natural The average molecular kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature All molecules move with the same speed All molecules make elastic collisions with each other and the walls of the container The attractive force between the molecules can be ignored All molecules move with the same speed U 1/2U 1/4U 2U 2U (2/1) (1/2) (4/1) (3/1) (3/1) ΔU = W ΔU = Q velocities are always exchanged ΔU > 0 ΔU = 0 ΔU = 0 both molecules always speed up total kinetic energy always increases total momentum is always exchanged 3.086 conservation of mass 4.086 conservation of energy 1.086 conservation of energy 8.314 J/Kg mole/ K reversible 1.086 conservation of momentum 83.14 J/Kg mole/ K irreversible 831.4 J/Kg mole/ K all of the above 8314 Kg mole/ K none of the above 8314 Kg mole/ K irreversible TRUE FALSE all of the above none of the above TRUE total momentum is always exchanged 0.086 conservation of heat 17 petroleum 6. A cycle consisting of one constant pressure, one constant volume and two isentropic process is known as 7. The efficiency and work ratio of a simple gas turbine cycle are 8. There is a loss of heat in an irreversible process 9. Water gas is obtained by passing air and a large 10. Work done in a free expansion process is 11. Which of the following statement is correct 12. The atomic of mass of an element is the number of times the atom of that element is heavier than the hyrogenatome 13. In an ideal gas turbine plant it is assumed that the compression and expansion are 14. Zeroth law of thermodynamics is 15. The ratio of adiabatic and isothermal elasticities of a gas is 16. The physics underlying the working of a refrigerator closely resembles the physics underlying Carnot cycle sterling cycle Otto cycle diesel cycle diesel cycle low very low high very high very low TRUE FALSE all of the above none of the above TRUE correct incorrect all of the above none of the above incorrect zero maximum position zero the heat and work done are boundary phenomena minimum the heat and work represent the energy crossing the boundary of system the heat and work done are path function all of the above all of the above TRUE FALSE all of the above none of the above TRUE isothermal isentropic none of the above kinetic energy of molecules of gas is zero ideal gas does not contain molecules polytropic if two systems are separated in thermal equilibrium with a third system then they themselves are in thermal equilibrium with each other none of the above isentropic if two systems are separated in thermal equilibrium with a third system then they themselves are in thermal equilibrium with each other r r2 r-1 none of the above r ice formation heat engine vapour compression machine vaporization water heat engine 18 17. The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 0.4. If the temperature of sink is 27 C the temperature of source is 18. Anything outside the thermodynamics system which can exchange energy with it and has a direct bearing on the behaviour of the system is called 19. ________ which can exchange matter and energy with the surrounding 20. ________ is called the equation of state of the liquid 21. First law of thermodynamics equation_____________ 22. ________ types of equilibrium as there in thermodynamics 23. In which year Clement and Desormes discovered the determination of g 24. In Carnot’s engine the source 25. A Carnot engine has the same efficiency between 1000 K and 500 K and between x. k and 1000 K. calculate x =? 26. An engine works between the temperature 30 K and 300 K. What is its efficiency? 27. The atomic mass of sulfur is 28. The efficiency if a reversible Carnot’s engine working between temperature T1 and T2 is 29. A diatomic gas at 18 C is compressed adiabatically to 1/32 times of its original volume. The temperature after 127 C 500 C 500 K 400 K 500 K surroundings system Carnot engine surface surroundings closed system isolated system open system all of the above open system f = (P, V) f (P, V) = T f (V, T) = P f (P, T) = V f (P, V) = T Q = (V2-V1)+W Q = (V2+V1)-W Q = (V1-V2)+W Q = (V1+V2)-W Q = (V2-V1)+W 1 2 3 4 3 1819 insulates heat 1981 conducts heat 1918 conducts electricity 1891 insulates electricity 1819 conducts heat 1000 K 3000 K 4000 K 2000 K 2000 K 50% 12 47% 14 90% 16 10% 32 90% 32 T2/T1 T1/T2 1-T2/T1 T1/T2-1 1-T2/T1 18 C 887 C 891 C 144 C 891 C 19 compression will be 30. A Carnot’s engine us operating between 100 C and 50 C. Its efficiency will be 31. A reversible heat engine is 0.4. If the temperature of the sink is 27 C, the temperature of source is 32. The door of running refrigeration inside a room is left open, Mark the correct statement 33. In steady flow process, the ratio of 34. The entropy of the universe is continuously of the increase 35. Select the correct statement as per Charle's law 36. The unit of energy in SI unit is 37. Diesel cycle consists of _________ process 38. When coal is first dried and crushed to a fine powder by pulverizing machine, the resulting fuel's called 39. The process is adiabatic, if the value of n in the equation PVn = C is 40. The heating of a gas at constant volume is governed by 41. The ratio of specific heat at constant pressure and specific heat at constant volume is always__________ one 42. The lower caloric value of fuel may be obtained by adding the heat of steam formed during 13.40% 15.20% 50% 100% 13.40% less than that of source equal to that of source 0C 0K 0K the room will be cooled slightly heat transfer is constant the room will be warmed work transfer is constant the room will be cooled to the temperature inside the refrigerator mass flow at inlet and outlet is same the temperature of the room will remain unaffected the temperature of the room will remain unaffected all of the above all of the above correct PV = constant if T is kept constant Joule incorrect V/T = constant if P is kept constant Joule meter all of the above P/T = constant if V is kept constant Watt correct V/T = constant if P is kept constant Joule two constant volume and two isentropic two constant pressure and two isentropic two constant volume and two isothermal none of the above V/T = constant if P is kept constant Joule/Meter one constant pressure, one constant volume and two isentropic wood charcoal bituminous coal briquetted coal none of the above none of the above 0 1 g a g Boyle's law Charle's law Gay-Lussac law Avogadro’s law Gay-Lussac law equal to less than greater than none of the above less than yes no all of the above none of the above no one constant pressure, one constant volume and two isentropic 20 combustion to the higher calorific value 43. An adiabatic process occurs at constant 44. Internal energy of a real gas depends upon 45. Transfer of heat from a body at low temperature to a body at high temperature 46. Law of conservation of energy is accordance with 47. When a gas undergoes expansion or compression at constant temperature, the process is called 48. In a throttling process 49. Which of the following is not an extensive property of a thermo-dynamic system? 50. The measurement of thermodynamics property known as temperature, is based on 51. A system consisting of more than one phase is called 52. A system comprising of a single phase, is known as 53. A heat engine that in each cycle does positive work and loses energy as heat, with no heat energy input, would violate: 54. A Carnot cycle: 55. A Carnot engine operates between 200°C and 20°C. Its maximum possible efficiency temperature heat none of the above heat only on the pressure of the gas none of the above only on the temperature of the gas is impossible Zeroth law of thermodynamics pressure only on the volume of the gas is possible by keeping both bodies in contact first law of thermodynamics is possible by doing some external work second law of thermodynamics none of the above third law of thermodynamics is possible by doing some external work first law of thermodynamics isothermal process W=0 isochoric process E=0 isobaric process H=0 adiabatic process all of the above. isothermal process H=0 Total mass Total internal energy Total volume Temperature Temperature Zeroth law of thermodynamics First law of thermodynamics Second law of thermodynamics isolated system open system non-uniform system open system closed system homogeneous system None of the above. Heterogeneous system. Heterogeneous system. the Zeroth law of thermodynamics is bounded by two isotherms and two adiabats on a p-V graph the first law of thermodynamics consists of two isothermal and two constant volume processes the second law of thermodynamics the third law of thermodynamics is any four sided process on a p-V graph only exists for an ideal gas the first law of thermodynamics is bounded by two isotherms and two adiabats on a p-V graph 90% 100% 38% 72% 38% only on the temperature of the gas Zeroth law of thermodynamics Heterogeneous system. homogeneous system 21 is: 56. What is the name of the following statement: “When two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other”? 57. The process of heat transfer from object to another because of molecular motion and interaction is called: 58. Which of the following parameters does not characterize the thermodynamics state of matter? 59. Which of the following is not a state variable? 60. An aluminum plate has a circular hole. If the temperature of the plate increases, what happens to the size of the hole? 61. Boyle's law i.e. pV = constant is applicable to gases under First Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of Thermodynamics Mechanical equivalent of heat Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Convection Conduction Radiation Induction Conduction work volume pressure Temperature Work Work Internal energy Entropy Temperature Work Increases Stays the same all ranges of pressures Decreases only small range of pressures Increases the top half of the hole steady change of pressures Increases only small range of pressures changing the stoichiometry increase the activation energy providing an alternative reaction mechanism of lower activation energy 2. A solid has very high melting point, is very hard, and its liquid is non-conducting. The compound is? 3. When one mole of ice melts to liquid at 0 C a molecular solid a metallic solid the entropy of a system decreases 4. The entropy of a chemical system will usually increase a molecule is broken down in two or more the entropy of a system remains the same a liquid changes into a gas Unit - V 1. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by high range of pressures a covalent network solid shifting the equilibrium towards the side of the product an ionic solid providing an alternative reaction mechanism of lower activation energy a covalent network solid the entropy of the system increases the order of system increases the entropy of the system increases all of the above all of the above 22 when 5. Arrange the common unit cells of metals from the least dense packing to the most dense packing 6. The normal boiling point of a liquid is fragments BCC<FCC<SC 7. Which intermolecular forces are present in Phenol? 8. Which of these is intensive variable? 9. In a reversible adiabatic process, the change of entropy 10. The change in entropy of a mole of an ideal gas, when the gas undergoes free expansion is 11. In a reversible process, the entropy of the system 12. The unit of entropy 13. A piece of ice is added to water in a cup, the energy 14. Net entropy change of a system in Carnot's cycle 15. Which of the following represents a reversible process? 16. In the two gases at the same molecule is equal 17. Which of the following represents a reversible process? 18. In which process the entropy can increase 19. In which process work is maximum? 20. In the below process which can FCC<BCC<SC FCC<SC<BCC SC<BCC<FCC SC<BCC<FCC the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals the ambient atmospheric pressure the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals to 1 atm the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals to 1 atm London dispersion only area the temperature above which the substance cannot exist as a liquid regardless of the pressure dipole-dipole only temperature hydrogen-bonding only all of the above all of the above entropy volume temperature increases decreases remains unchanged none of these remains unchanged positive negative zero none of these positive increases remains zero decreases remains constant remains constant Joule/Kelvin is increased Calorie/Kelvin decreased both a and b undergoes no change none of these sometimes increases both a and b is increased zero positive negative more than 1 zero ds<0 ds=0 ds>0 none of these ds=0 the internal energy is equal the entropy is equal pressure is equal the internal energy is equal combustion diffusion melting the average kinetic energy per molecule is equal neutralization gas changes to liquid liquid changes to solid gas changes to solid adiabatic solid changes to liquid irreversible cyclic reversible solid changes to liquid reversible crystallization of melting of iron conversion of ice to vapourisation of crystallization of the temperature at which the entropy of the liquid is equal to zero melting 23 represent the decrease in entropy? 21. In which process the change in entropy gets the positive value at constant pressure and temperature? 22. The absolute entropy of pure substance at 23. Entropy function S represents 24. In a reversible process, the systems and surroundings should remains at 25. Spontaneous process takes only at 26. Carnot's cycle depends upon the sucrose from solution water camphor sucrose from solution reversible spontaneous non-spontaneous spontaneous 298 K & 1 atm pressure S = q/w same pressure 295 K & 10 atm pressure 298K & 10 atm pressure S = q/T different temperature and pressure 298 K & 1 atm pressure S = q/T same temperature backward direction pressure of the substance isothermal process decreases both forward and backward direction volume of the substance only one direction only one direction working substance temperature of heat 27. Entropy remains constant in adiabatic process isochoric process isolated process isothermal process 28. The entropy of a system in a irreversible process 29. Choose the correct statement increases remains constant none of these increases adiabatic process is quasi-static none of these all reversible process are quasistatic increases all reversible process are quasistatic decreases 30. When water vapour condenses into water its entropy 31. Entropy is measure of 32. Entropy is maximum in which state 33. The area of the rectangle of the T-S diagram represents____ in a reversible Carnot’s cycle. 34. The 2nd law of thermodynamics can be stated in terms of____________of a system. 35. A process, in which no heat is supplied or rejected from the system and entropy is not constant, is called remains unchanged decreases perfect order solid available energy liquid disorder gas first decreases and then increases none of these can be any external work done internal work done increase in volume increase in pressure external work done enthalpy specific heat temperature entropy entropy isothermal isentropic polytropic hyperbolic polytrophic isobaric 295 K & 1 atm pressure S= T/q same temperature forward direction temperature of heat all quasi-static process are reversible S=w/T same temperature & pressure disorder gas 24 36. In a reversible polytropic process 37. A process, in which the working substance neither receives nor gives out heat to its surroundings during its expansion or contraction, is called 38. Which of the following is a characteristic of an adiabatic process? 39. Work done in an adiabatic process between a given pair of end states depends on 40. Heat and work are 41. A container filled with a sample of an ideal gas at the pressure of 1.5 atm. The gas is compressed isothermally to one-fourth of its original volume. What is the new pressure of the gas? 42. The value of n = 1 in the polytropic process indicates it to be enthalpy remains constant entropy remains constant isothermal process ΔU = 0 isentropic process W=0 some heat transfer occurs internal energy remains constant. entropy remains constant polytropic process Q=0 adiabatic process. ΔV = 0 isothermal process Q=0 the end states only particular adiabatic process the value of index n the value of heat transferred the end states only point functions 2 atm system properties 3 atm path functions 4 atm intensive properties 5 atm path functions 6 atm reversible process isothermal process adiabatic process irreversible process isothermal process 25