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Bio 112 Comprehensive Final Exam
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS TEST BOOKLET
FINAL EXAM--Bio 112
INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the single best response for each question.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS BOOKLET
1.
Fungi
a. by
b. by
c. by
d. by
e. by
usually obtain food how?
digesting it externally and then absorbing it
photosynthesis
absorbing it and then digesting it within fungal cells
chemosynthesis
producing antibiotics that internally destroy bacteria
2.
All organisms that reside within an ecosystem and that can
potentially interbreed are members of a(n)
a. population
b. community
c. trophic level
d. aggregation
e. ecotope
3.
Which set of chambers supplies blood to the pulmonary circulation?
a. The atria
b. The ventricles
c. The right atrium and right ventricle
d. The left atrium and left ventricle
4.
What ecological process changes a lake to a marsh over a long
period of time?
a. Eutrophication
b. Competitive exclusion
c. Succession
d. Extinction
e. Coevolution
5.
Hydra, anemones and jellyfish are:
a. Porifera
b. Cnidaria
c. Platyhelminthes
d. Protista
e. Flagellates
6.
Flowers that make pollen only and no seeds lack which part?
a. petal
b. sepal
c. stamen
d. carpel
e. filament
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7.
What makes the cells of a developing embryo differentiate into
various types of cells?
a. They have different genes.
b. Different genes are activated.
c. The DNA of their mitochondria is different.
d. Once certain genes of a cell have caused it to differentiate,
the other genes are lost.
e. There are special genes in the cytoplasmic which cause this.
8.
As an oak tree ages, the trunk becomes thicker and more woody due
to:
a. Primary growth
b. Secondary growth
c. Tertiary
d. Meristimatic
e. Differentiated
9.
When a population has inhabited an area for a long time and the
population size has stabilized because of resource limitations:
a. Carrying capacity has been reached
b. Density dependence occurs
c. Predation decreases
d. Density independence occurs
e. Environmental resistance declines
10. The dominant animal taxon in terms of diversity and richness is:
a. Annelida
b. Arthropoda
c. Nematoda
d. Echinodermata
e. Chordata
11. At
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
present, the earth's human population is:
Stable
Declining
Increasing exponentially
Increasing at a constant rate
Increasing at about 10% per year
12. Regulation of the diffusion of water and CO2 into and out of a
leaf is controlled by the
a. Stomata
b. Cuticle
c. Epidermis
d. Mesophyll
e. Phloem
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13. The result of gastrulation is
a. A morula
b. A blastopore
c. The formation of organs
d. A three-layered embryo
e. The loss of many cells from the blastopore area
14. Fungal cell walls are different from plant cell walls in that...
a. fungi have cellulose, plants have chitin
b. fungi have glycogen, plants have cellulose
c. fungi have glycoprotein, plants have starch
d. fungi have chitin, plants have cellulose
e. fungi have cellulose, plants have pectin
15. "Protozoa" literally means:
a. first life forms
b. first cells
c. first animals
d. first heterotrophs
e. first predators
16. The action potential along an axon decreases in strength as the
signal moves away from the cell body.
a. True.
b. False, because action potentials move toward the cell body.
c. False, because action potentials occur only at a synapse.
d. False, because action potentials remain unchanged along an
axon.
e. False, because axons transmit only resting potentials.
17. Succession which begins on bare rock after glaciers have passed,
or on newly formed volcanic islands is
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Allogenic
d. Pioneer
e. Autogenic
18. Which is the present hypothesis about altruistic behavior?
a. genes are preserved by altruistic behavior
b. an animal which expresses altruism is more likely to be killed,
eliminating his genes
c. an animal which expresses altruism is consciously selfsacrificing with nothing to gain
d. altruism is a learned behavior
e. altruism has no selective advantage
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19. Which hormone decreases blood glucose concentrations?
a. Glucagon
b. Insulin
c. Cortisol
d. Growth hormone
20. The most powerful way of inferring evolutionary relationships uses
which type of evidence?
a. comparative morphology
b. chemical similarities
c. measure the ability to mate and produce fertile offspring
d. comparative anatomy
e. compare DNA base sequences
21. Which Kingdom contains heterotrophic, multicellular, eukaryotic
organisms that absorb their food after extracellular digestion?
a. Monera
b. Fungi
c. Protista
d. Plantae
e. Animalia
22. Birds excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of
a. Urea
b. Uric acid
c. Ammonia
d. Amino acids
e. Amine groups
23. The long process of a neuron is called the
a. synapse
b. myelin
c. axon
d. ohm
24. Members of Kingdom Plantae are:
a. Photosynthetic
b. Eukaryotic
c. Multicellular
d. a and c
e. All of these
25. Urea is a product of the breakdown of
a. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
c. Proteins
d. Vitamin B
e. Iron
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26. The dominance hierarchy within a group of animals functions to:
a. eliminate competition
b. limit population numbers
c. minimize aggression
d. increase competition
e. cause an increase in fighting among members of a population
27. Vaccinations are effective because they stimulate the production
of
a. Memory cells
b. Plasma cells
c. Cytotoxic T cells
d. Helper T cells
e. All of the above
28. One trend in the evolution of animals is the increase in the
number of tissue (germ) layers that can be seen during embryonic
development. In flatworms and more complex animals, there are
_____ layers.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
e. 6
29. A strong association learned during a particular sensitive period
of an animal's life is referred to as:
a. classical conditioning
b. fixed action behavior
c. altruism
d. imprinting
e. habituation
30. The connection between the two control systems of the body, the
nervous and endocrine systems is the
a. pituitary gland
b. adrenal gland
c. hypothalamus
d. thyroid
31. You discover an unidentified weed that you cut with a lawn mower
almost to the ground. Soon it is as tall as it was before you cut
it. This growth is likely due to what growth region?
a. shoot apical meristem
b. intercalary meristem
c. root apical meristem
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium
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32. Foreign proteins that will bind to an antibody are called
a. cytotoxins
b. histamines
c. interferons
d. antigens
33. If you remove red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
from blood you have
a. salty water
b. plasma
c. lymph
d. albumin
34. Most fungal nuclei are:
a. haploid
b. chitin
c. diploid
d. zygospores
e. meiotic
35. The oldest fossil organisms presently known have been dated at
approximately how many years old?
a. 4.5 billion
b. 3.5 billion
c. 1.7 billion
d. less than 1.7 billion
e. greater than 4.5 billion
36. Dwarfism is due to a lack of the secretion of growth hormone by
the
a. Anterior pituitary
b. Parathyroid
c. Pancreas
d. Adrenal medulla
e. Adrenal cortex
37. Curare is a drug that
a. Prevents the opening of sodium channels
b. Prevents the opening of chloride channels
c. Blocks acetylcholine receptors
d. Stimulates acetylcholine receptors
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38. If a beaver eats the bark all the way around a tree trunk (a
process called "girdling"), why does the tree eventually die?
a. The tree is more susceptible to insect and fungal diseases.
b. The phloem is damaged and the transport of sugars is
interrupted.
c. Cells of the lateral meristem can no longer continue to divide.
d. The supply of water and minerals to the leaves is no longer
possible.
e. The tree cannot continue to photosynthesize.
39. A scientist who studies natural behavior of animals is called
a/an:
a. ethologist
b. psychologist
c. naturalist
d. physiologist
e. sociologist
40. If antibiotics seem effective against a human illness, then this
illness is probably caused by a(n):
a. virus
b. prion
c. protist
d. bacterium
e. autoimmune disease
41. You see a moss plant near the base of a tree in your yard. Is what
you can see of this plant without magnification:
a. sporophyte
b. gametophyte
c. gamete
d. spore
e. zygote
42. Gas exchange in the lungs is due to
a. Active transport of gases between the blood and the alveolus.
b. Active transport of gases between hemoglobin and the alveolus.
c. Passive diffusion of gases between the blood and the alveolus.
d. Facilitated diffusion of gases between the blood and the
alveolus.
43. If
is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
you find a brightly colored insect resting on a dead leaf, it
likely to
Be poisonous or distasteful
Be prey for birds
Be camouflaged
Have startle coloration
Have aggressive mimicry
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44. Which of the following statements best describes the movements of
energy and nutrients in ecosystems?
a. Energy and nutrients flow through
b. Energy cycles and nutrients recycle
c. Energy increases and nutrients cycle
d. Energy flows through and nutrients cycle
e. Energy and nutrients cycle
45. If similar species each occupy a smaller niche when they live
together than they would if they lived alone, they are said to be
a. Involved in succession
b. Involved in intraspecific competition
c. Partitioning their resources
d. Coevolving
e. Increasing niche overlap
46. Defense of an area where important resources for survival are
located is termed:
a. appeasement
b. passive behavior
c. aggression
d. kinesis
e. territoriality
47. A species that plays a major role in determining the structure of
its ecological community is:
a. A predator
b. A dominator species
c. The most abundant species in the community
d. A keystone species
e. The largest species
48. It has been proposed that the first atmosphere of Earth had all
the following gasses except:
a. H2
b. H2O
c. O2
d. NH2
e. CH4
49. The corpus callosum links
a. Thalamus and hypothalamus
b. Cerebrum and thalamus
c. Forebrain and midbrain
d. Right and left cerebral hemispheres
e. Peripheral and central nervous systems
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50. What is the evolutionary significance of a flower with larger,
brightly-colored petals?
a. The wind is a significant factor in pollination especially
because of the large petals.
b. Such plants are usually self-pollinators and do not rely on
external factors for pollination.
c. In general, these are aquatic plants and water aids in
pollination, irrespective of color and odor.
d. These flowers are more attractive to animals as pollinators.
e. Such flowers produce only microspores or megaspores, not both.
51. The proteins that must be matched as closely as possible between
an organ donor and recipient are the __________ proteins
a. glyco
b. MHC
c. clotting factor
d. all of these
52. Cell-mediated immunity is provided by
a. B cells
b. Antibodies
c. T-cells
d. NK cells
53. ALL respiratory systems
a. have a moist gas exchange surface
b. have a large surface area
c. have thin surfaces
d. all are correct
54. If a bird eats an insect that ate a plant, the bird would be
considered a(n)
a. Autotroph
b. Primary producer
c. Primary consumer
d. Secondary consumer
e. Tertiary consumer
55. The science of placing organisms into categories based on
evolutionary similarities is:
a. Taxidermy
b. Gradualism
c. Preadaptation
d. Taxonomy
e. Biology
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55. d