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Glossary Antheridium: Haploid structure or organ, producing and containing male gametes called antherozoids or sperms. Anticlinal: At right angles to the surface of an organ or part. In anticlinal cell division the plane of division is at right angles to the surface of the plant body. Asexual: Having no apparent sexual organs. Chlorophyll: A green colouring matter found in plants. Chloroplast: A minute granule or plastid containing chlorophylls found in plant cells. Diploid: The state of having each chromosome in two copies per nucleus. Fertilization: The union of male and female nuclei. Gametes: Cells derived from gametocytes which conjugate and form zygote. Gemma (Pl., gemmae): Single cell, or a mass of cells, or a modified bud of tissue, which detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual. It is a means of asexual reproduction Haploid: The state of having one copy of each chromosome per nucleus or cell. Paraphysis: Sterile cells occurring between the sex organs of mosses. Periclinal: Parallel to the surface of an organ or part. In periclinal cell division the plane of division is parallel to the surface of the plant body. Phyllotaxy: The arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. 1 Protandrous: Having the male sex organs maturing before the female. Thallus: Plant body of thallophyta with no differentiation between root, stem and leaves. ************** 2