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Earth Science – Tuckey Chapter 13 – Plate Tectonics Worksheet SECTION I – WHAT IS THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS? Topic One: Moving Plates Cover the Globe What do scientists think the Earth’s surface is made from? Define plate tectonics – Be sure to locate and identify all of the following areas on the map on page 233! Which plates are colliding? Which plates are moving apart? Which plates are sliding past each other? Topic Two: How Thick Are the Plates? What is the lithosphere? How does this affect our simple picture of the Earth’s “layers”? How thick is the lithosphere? What are the continents made out of? Why is that important? Topic Three: Why Do the Plates Move? What is the asthenosphere? What happens there, and why is that important? Explain the convection currents in the mantle. SECTION II – EVIDENCE FOR PLATE TECTONICS Topic Four: Africa and South America What is continental drift? How did the theory come about? What two pieces of information did early geologists use to support the theory? What was discovered in the 1960s that backed up the theory? Topic Five: Earthquakes and Volcanoes What is a plate boundary? What can happen there? Where is the world’s largest belt of seismic and volcanic activity? What are some of the volcanoes found there? Topic Six: Magnetism What happens to cause the Earth to change its polarity? How often does it happen? How can scientists use the magnetic bands in the plates? What is a spreading center? Topic Seven: Heat Flow and Seafloor Elevation What is heat flow? Where is heat flow highest? Where do seafloor elevations increase? What does this have to do with heat flow? SECTION III – KINDS OF PLATE BOUNDARIES Topic Eight: Diverging Boundaries What does it means to ‘diverge’? Where are most diverging boundaries located? List two examples of diverging boundaries and the plates involved in each. Topic Nine: Sliding Boundaries Explain the term ‘fault’. Why are there earthquakes if plates can slide next to each other? Topic Ten: Converging (Collision) Boundaries Describe what happens at a collision boundary. Give two examples of collision boundaries, listing the plates involved and the resulting features we can see as evidence of the collision. Topic Eleven: Converging (Subduction) Boundaries What characteristic feature is present at nearly all subduction boundaries? Why would scientists think that subduction does not occur on a dry planet like Mars? Explain why volcanoes form near subduction boundaries. SECTION IV – CONTINENTAL GROWTH AND PLATE TECTONICS Topic Twelve: The Craton Though the shapes of continents have not always been the same, they always have had cratons. What is a craton? Topic Thirteen: Sources of Growth Material What are the three sources of continental growth material? Topic Fourteen: Growth by Thin-Skinned Thrusting Describe and explain how the Appalachian Mountains were likely formed. Topic Fifteen: Growth by Terranes Explain the characteristics that identify a terrane. Explain why scientists think that the Cache Creek terrane was originally from another location.
