Download Greece Part II Study Guide What were the 3 goals of Pericles for

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Greece Part II Study Guide
What were the 3 goals of Pericles for Athens?
Glorify Athens, strengthen & fortify the Empire, and strengthen democracy
The Peloponnesian War was won by Sparta.
Known for a geometric theorem that has his name Pythagoras.
Philosopher that encouraged questioning students Socrates.
Scientist and philosopher that created the scientific method as well as had Alexander the Great as a student
Aristotle.
He gained control of Egypt after Alexander died Ptolemy.
He was the king of Macedonia that used the phalanx formation that proved to be unstoppable Phillip II.
Which philosopher wrote The Republic Plato?
Who were the playwrights that wrote tragedies?
Aeschylus, Euripides, & Sophocles
Which Greek historian wrote a fairly accurate history of the Peloponnesian War?
Thucydides
The mixture of Greek and Middle Eastern culture that formed during and after Alexander is called:
Hellenistic
The Macedonian king who had conquered most of Greece by 338 B.C. was:
Phillip II
Which mathematician wrote The Elements of Geometry?
Euclid
The ethical code of doctors, still practiced today, was developed by:
Hippocrates
The column to the right would be classified as what type of column:
Ionic
The Parthenon featured what wide, square and relatively simple form of columns?
Doric
What dramatist wrote "Oedipus Rex", the story of a cursed king and his troubled family?
Sophocles
Which pair of Greek individuals were responsible for significant achievements in the area of mathematics?
Euclid & Pythagoras
During the Peloponnesian War, more than one-third of the Athenian population, including Pericles, died as a
result of disease.
Who conquered the Greek city-states immediately following the Peloponnesian War?
Philip II
Why was Alexandria, Egypt, important during the Hellenistic period?
It became the foremost center of commerce, learning, and Hellenistic culture
Who of the following is known as the “Father of Medicine?”
Hippocrates
Although Pericles was responsible for planning and funding the Parthenon project, which individual created the
beautiful sculpture of Athena inside the structure?
Phidias
What philosopher taught that the way to seek truth is through a series of questions and answers?
Socrates
Which of the following groups fought against each other during the Peloponnesian War?
Athenians & Spartans
What occurred during the Hellenistic Era?
The mixing of and interaction between Greek and Eastern cultures
Once Greece was secured from rebellion, Alexander the Great conquered which regions?
Aristotle Persian Empire, Egypt, and into the Indus Valley
Why is it important that Alexander was a student of Aristotle?
Aristotle taught Alexander all about Greek knowledge and culture
What was the form of government in Athens during its Golden Age under Pericles?
Democracy
Please use the map below for questions 31 and 32.
334BC
336BC
331BC
327BC
329BC
From the map above, which of the following battles would have happened last?
The Battle of Bactra 327 BCE
What is the purpose of the map above? To show the battle timeline of Alexander the Great’s Empire and how it
was divided after his death
What was the job of the three Greeks listed above during the Golden Age of Greece?
Playwrights or Dramatists
What is the is the correct chronology order of events in Ancient Greece:
Peloponnesian Wars,
3rd
Golden Age of Greece,
2nd
Persian Wars,
1st
Rise of Alexander
4th
Short Answers: Using complete sentences, answer all of the following questions.
1) Compare and Contrast the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars using at least one similarity and one
difference.
Similarities
• Sparta and Athens in war
• the war took place in Greece
• Sparta and Athens wanted to be in charge of the war
• Persia wanted to take over Greece and disrupt Greece anyway possible
• Used phalanx in fighting in both wars
Differences
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•
•
•
Sparta and Athens not on same side with both wars
Persian Wars took place first
Persian Wars were about keeping Persia out
Peloponnesian War was about domination in Ancient Greece
2) Describe the achievements made during the Golden Age of Greece by choosing two subjects
(Philosophy, Arts, Math, History, and Science/Medicine) to explain their impact on Western civilization.
Be specific by citing at least one important figure for each subject.
Philosophy
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•
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Scientific method introduced by Aristotle that we use today.
Promoting questioning & seeking answers used by Socrates, this is something that is used today.
Plato and Aristotle had academies that taught philosophies and other subjects; these were
models for modern day schools and universities.
•
Phidias sculpted Athena and helped design the Parthenon. Greek architecture influences our
structures today.
•
Aeschylus, Euripides, & Sophocles expanded the roles of the actors with the chorus and the
topics of the plays, are reflected in our “dramas” today.
Arts
Math
•
Euclid & Pythagoras made advancement in the area of geometry, and Pythagoras with the
Pythagorean theorem. These mathematical advancements are practiced today.
History
•
•
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Homer wrote the Iliad and Odyssey, which teaches us today about ancient Greek life.
Herodotus wrote about the Persian War, which teaches us today about the Persian War.
Thucydides wrote about the Peloponnesian War, which teaches us today about the
Peloponnesian War.
Science/Medicine
•
Hippocrates made many advancements in diagnosing through observations and many doctors
still take the Hippocratic Oath today.
•
Archimedes invented the compound pulley, lever, and introduced the law of hydrostatics. We
use these inventions and law today.
3) What is Alexander the Great’s legacy? List specific cultural/political/military achievements that support
your claim.
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•
•
•
•
List what you think this legacy is…
Cultural achievement-Hellenism
Cultural achievement-was tolerant of conquered region’s culture and religion, even adopted some ways and
blended with Greek culture
Political achievement-adopted the Persian style of government, satraps
Military achievement-(controlled Macedonia, Greece) & ( conquered Persia, Egypt and parts of India)