Download The Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire
Review: Constantine
Constantine begins rule in _______________ A.D.
Constantine becomes _______________ and stops persecution of Christians in Empire
Constantine decided to build a new capital city
Constantine chose _______________ (Eastern Roman Empire)
In 330 A.D. _______________ renamed _______________ (City of Constantine)
Constantinople
By early 500’s, Constantinople had large _______________, _______________, _______________, a _______________,
a _______________, _______________and a _______________ (or circus)
Although the name of their city had changed the people who lived there were still called _______________.
Eastern Roman Empire
Emperors who followed Constantine continued to rule the Eastern half from _______________
The Eastern half was far stronger than the Western half
The Byzantine _______________ was the strongest in the world
Byzantines also had a strong _______________ network.
The Fall of the Western Empire
As Rome was falling to invaders, strong _______________ and an excellent _______________ protected Constantinople.
With the Western Empire now gone the Eastern Empire became known as the _______________ Empire
The Byzantine Empire
The early Byzantine Empire had many excellent _______________ who were wise as well as popular.
They encouraged _______________ and made _______________ to laws and government.
This also helped strengthen the Empire.
The Age of Justinian
One of the greatest Byzantine Emperors was _______________
Justinian was a _______________ ruler who rarely gave up on a task until it was completed
The Byzantine Empire
He had been born into a _______________ family and was known to listen to all his subjects (rich and poor)
Emperor Justinian
One of Justinian’s most lasting contributions was a system of _______________
When Justinian became emperor, the empire was using a disorganized system of old _______________ laws.
Justinian appointed a team to _______________ and _______________ centuries of Roman laws.
Justinian’s Code
_______________ _______________ became a organized collection and explanation of Roman laws for use by the
Byzantine Empire
Eventually this code became the basis for the legal systems of most modern _______________ countries
Reuniting the Roman Empire
Justinian also wanted to reunite the entire “_______________”
He re-conquered all of _______________ and began to make his way into Northern and Western Europe
A lack of _______________ and _______________ stopped Justinian's conquests
Empress Theodora
_______________, wife to _______________, came from humble beginnings.
Her father was a _______________ in Constantinople's Hippodrome
Theodora's marriage to Justinian gave her great _______________.
Many of Justinian's decisions were made with her _______________
Theodora worked to improve _______________and helped change _______________to protect women.
Hagia Sophia
Commissioned by Emperor _______________
It took _______________workers _______________ years to build the Hagia Sophia cathedral.
Hagia Sophia means _______________.
Byzantine Culture
The Byzantine Empire
In addition to preserving the principals of Roman law, Byzantine scholars also kept and copied the works of the ancient
_______________.
At its peak, Byzantine civilization blended _______________, _______________, and _______________ influences.
Later Byzantine culture will heavily influence the Italian _______________.
The Empires Later Years
After the death of Justinian the Byzantine Empire began to _______________
Later emperors had to fight wars against many neighboring enemies
_______________ and _______________ to the East, _______________ to the South and _______________ peoples to
the North and West.
The Byzantine Empire was shrinking in both _______________ and _______________
A Religious Dispute
Although most Byzantines were _______________, they did not practice Christianity the same way as people from
Western Europe
The Byzantines rejected the authority of the _______________ (leader of the church in Rome)
They Byzantine Emperor had to approve church officials in Constantinople
_______________ was the language of the Byzantine Church, while _______________was the language of the Roman
church
Use of Icons
At this time many Christians prayed to saints or holy people, represented by _______________
In the 700’s a Byzantine Emperor _______________ the use of Icons, saying they violated Gods commandments
The Pope disagreed, and _______________ the emperor from the Church.
The Great Schism
Byzantines felt the Pope did not have the authority to banish the emperor
This led to a schism, or _______________, in the Christian church in 1054
Now there were two distinct forms of Christianity: the ______________________________in the west and the
______________________________in the east.
The Byzantine Empire
A Second Golden Age
Lasted from about _______________ until the _______________
_______________ increased and merchants came from all over
This caused the _______________, _______________ and _______________ to grow.
The long reign of Emperor _______________ (976-1025) was the most exceptional rule since Justinian.
The Empire regained some of its land it had lost and there was a burst of creativity in the arts.
The Fall of Constantinople
During the 1000’s _______________ peoples to the East were gaining power
By 1100’s, _______________ had taken the inland areas of Asia Minor
Byzantines were also threatened by the _______________
In 1171, disagreements over trade led to war and Constantinople was attacked by ______________________________
______________________________ruled the city for 50 years.
In 1261, the Byzantines regained their capital, but little was left of their empire.
The Fall of the Byzantine Empire
In 1453, a force of about 70,000 _______________ surrounded Constantinople.
They came by both _______________ and _______________ and brought cannons to attack the city’s walls
The defending force, which numbered 7,000 held out for _______________ months.
Then the Byzantine capital finally fell.
Constantinople Today
Like Constantine before them, the new rulers would rebuild the city and make it an imperial capital.
Renamed _______________, the city became a great center of _______________ culture and the capital of the
______________________________.