Download File - Coach Frei Science

The Cardiovascular System Overview
Facts about the Heart
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The heart pumps ________________ gallons (5L) per MINUTE!
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________________ gallons a DAY
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Weighs less than 1lbs
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Size of your fist
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________________ beats per MINUTE
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________________ beats per LIFETIME
Apex directed toward left hip, and rest on diaphragm
Functions of the Cardiovascular System
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TRANSPORTATION
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________________
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________________
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Nutrients
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EVERYTHING!
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Hormones
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Regulation of body temperature through vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
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Maintenance of body’s ________________ (acids and bases
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Removal of ________________ & other wastes
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Assistance with ________________ function
The Chambers of the Heart
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Atria – on ________________
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Collecting ________________
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Atrium is singular!
________________ – on bottom
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Powerful ________________
Left ventricle has ________________ wall because it pumps blood to rest of body
Atrioventricular Valves
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Located ________________ the atrial and ventricular chambers
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Left AV Valve:
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_____cusps
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_____ cusps
Right AV Valve:
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Bicuspid (_______________) valve
Tricuspid valve
OPEN during heart relaxation and ________________ when ventricles contracting
The Valves
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The heart is equipped with four valves…
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Allow blood to flow in only ONE direction through the heart chambers
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Have cusps (flaps) that open & close
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AV valves have chordae ________________ (“heart strings”) which are connected to papillary muscles.
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Each time the ________________ contracts, the papillary muscle pulls the AV valve closed
Semilunar Valves
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Guards the bases of the two large arteries
leaving the ventricular chambers
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CLOSED during heart relaxation and OPEN
when ventricles contracting
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Pulmonary ________________ Valve (right)
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________________ ________________
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Aortic Semilunar Valve (left)
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________________
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Both have ________________ cusps
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Second heart sound or “dub” -
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Aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves close at beginning of ventricular ________________
Heart Supporting Structures
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________________ Vena Cava: carries oxygen-poor blood from body to heart (right atrium)
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________________ Vena Cava: carries oxygen-poor blood from body to heart (right atrium)
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________________ trunk: carries oxygen-poor blood from heart (right ventricle) to pulmonary arteries
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Pulmonary ________________: carries oxygen-poor blood from pulmonary trunk to lungs
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Pulmonary ________________: carries oxygen-rich blood from lungs to heart (left atrium)
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Only ________________ to carry O2 poor blood!
Only ________________ to carry O2 rich blood!
Aorta: carries oxygen-rich blood from heart (left ventricle) to body
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________________ artery in body
Types of Circulation
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Pulmonary Circulation
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Leaves from right side of heart
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________________ CO2 waste to
lungs, and picks up O2 to take back
to heart
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Returns to left side of heart
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Returns to right side of heart
Systemic Circulation
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Leaves from left side of heart
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Delivers O2 and ______________
to body, and picks up CO2 to take
back
Blood Supply to the Heart
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The blood supply that oxygenates and nourishes the heart itself (________________) is provided by the
right & left ________________ ARTERIES, which branch from the base of the AORTA and encircle the
heart in the ________________ GROOVE.
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Coronary arteries branch off from the base
of the aorta
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Right Coronary Artery breaks into…
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Posterior ________________ (on back side
of heart)
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The heart (myocardium) is drained by several CARDIAC VEINS, which empty into the CORONARY SINUS,
which in turn, empties into the RIGHT ATRIUM
________________ Veins include…
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Great cardiac vein
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Anterior cardiac vein
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Small cardiac vein
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Middle cardiac vein (on posterior side of
heart)
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________________
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Left Coronary Artery breaks into…
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Anterior interventricular
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________________