Download AP Biology Chapter 18 Worksheet Part B

AP Biology Gene Regulation and Technology Review Guide, Test Date: JAN 27th
Study all notes, labs and resources fully!
1. Explain why the statement “bacteria are very adaptable” is essential to DNA
technology.
2. What are the main components of the bacterial genome?
3. Draw and explain what a plasmid is and what it consists of.
4. Name 2 specific prokaryotic processes that allow one altered bacteria to pass desired
genes to another bacterium.
5. F+ means a bacteria has a plasmid containing a desired gene, therefore what does an
F- mean in eukaryotic gene cloning?
6. Are plasmids normally helpful or harmful to bacteria?
7. Explain why plasmid genes are advantageous to DNA technology procedures.
8. What are the main elements of an operon?
9. Explain the function of each part.
10. Is this binding of the repressor and operon permanent? Explain
11. Explain the function of a corepressor.
12. Explain what a repressible operon is.
13. Explain what an inducible operon is.
14. Explain what an inducer is.
15. In general what determines if the lac or trp operon is on or off?
18. For each item listed, indicate what type of DNA technology the item is used (may
have more than once answer) in and what it does (the job it performs).
A. Electric current (charge)
B. Restriction enzymes
C. Dye
D. Heat tolerant DNA polymerase
E. Enucleated cell
F. Blastocyst
G. Gel
H. Virus
19. Why during PCR must the DNA polymerase come from a heat tolerant bacterium?
20. What does studying viruses have to do with genetic expression?
21. Name and explain the ways to achieve eukaryotic gene regulation.
22. Name the riskiest gene therapy technique, explain why.
23. What is the biological drawback to cloned organisms? Why does that occur?
24. What are “competent” bacterial cells? How do we get them that way?
25. Name 3 reasons bacteria are used so frequently in gene technology studies and usages.
26. What sorts the DNA in gel electrophoresis? What causes it to move? How can we
visualize the bands?
27. Name 5 ways that eukaryotes obtain gene regulation, explain each.
28. What are “developmental modules”? List them in order.
29. What determines big body plan outcomes?
30. Why are what you said in 29 so conserved amongst diverse species?
31. What are SNPs? When are they used?
32. What are restriction endonucleases? Give an example of one used in a specific cell
process studied so far this year. Where are they found in the cell? Give the name of one
constructed in a lab.
33. Why are hox genes referred to as “Light switch genes”?
34. Give the 2 examples of hox gene mutations showcased in lecture.
35. What are 2 names for an organism that has the genes of a different organism inside it?
36. List the 4 things necessary to use DNA based technologies.
37. What DNA based technology is often done before all other technologies? Why?
38. Give 4 specific uses for gel electrophoresis.
39. How can SNP occurrence indicate disease presence?
40. List each embryo module in order they occur.
41. Why are fetal stem cells more valuable to DNA technology than adult stem cells?
42. What does plasmid size have to do with successful competencies?
43. What is the greatest benefit of microarrays?
44. Why are prokaryotic gene regulations so much simpler than eukaryotic ones?
45. List all the components necessary to run a successful gel electrophoresis and for each
item explain what it does in the process. You should have at least 5 items!
46. Give an example of bacterial transformation that is always bad for humans!
47. Why is PCR usually done before any other DNA technology?
48. Why do have to have DNA polymerase come from a thermophile bacterium?
49. How do we get unique, individual DNA patterns in gel electrophoresis? (What actually
accounts for the different banding patterns?)
50. What are SNPs? Why are they important in DNA technologies?
51. What are “DNA based drugs”?
52. What are 2 names given to an organism who’s cells contain foreign DNA? (From lecture)
PLEASE STUDY EVERYTHING!!! Thank you! 